Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The combination of detailed and reconnaissance techniques used to generate the Redlands
quadrangle database has yielded a data set whose quality necessarily varies from
location to location. Some areas were examined in great detail in order to solve
specific geologic problems or to clarify the description or geologic relations of a
particular map unit. Other areas were examined less carefully or were not examined at
all. As a result, some parts of the Redlands data set have greater attribute accuracy
and represent greater attribute confidence than others.
ATTRIBUTE ACCURACY
The attribute-accuracy statement for the Redlands database incorporates four elements:
(1) map-unit description and attribution, (2) geotechnical standards against which the
observations are measured, (3) map-unit identification, and (4) description of linear
and planar geologic structures.
Map-unit description and attribution:
Geologic-map units in the Redlands quadrangle database were described using standard
field methods (see Process_Description 1 of 6). Consistent with these methods and
consistent with the time available to assemble the data set, the database authors have
assigned standard geologic attributes to geologic lines, points, and polygons identified
in the database.
Geotechnical standards for geologic descriptions:
Plutonic rock classification: Plutonic rocks and their deformed equivalents are
classified in accordance with the International Union of Geological Sciences
Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1973; Streckeisen, 1976).
Sedimentary rock classifications: Sandstones are classified in accordance with the
scheme suggested by Friedman and Sanders (1978, Table 7-4). For all sedimentary
materials, bedding-thickness classification follows Ingram (1954) and grain-size
classification follows Wentworth (1922).
Surficial-materials classification: Surficial materials are mapped and classified
according to a southern California-wide classification scheme being developed by the
Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP).
Terminology for slope-failure deposits (landslides and other slope-failure types)
follows Varnes (1978).
Color classification: The matrix color of surficial materials and their pedogenic soils
is classified according to the Munsell soil-color charts (Munsell, 1975). Bedrock
colors also are classified according to the Munsell system, supplemented by the
Rock-Color Chart distributed by the Geological Society of America (reprinted 1970).
Map-unit identification:
Geologic-map units in the Redlands quadrangle represent packages of geologic materials
whose overall physical properties differ sufficiently from other such units as to
constitute discrete mappable entities. From localities in the quadrangle where map
units first were recognized and defined, they were extended to other areas through a
mapping process that includes (a) direct outcrop observation, (b) interpretation of
subsurface boring logs, and (c) aerial-photographic extrapolation into areas where site
observation was not conducted. The coverage red_obs indicates the density of
observation and data stations in the Redlands quadrangle, and is a measure of whether a
map unit at a particular location was identified on the basis of hands-on data or
extrapolation.
Map-unit boundaries (geologic contacts) and faults identified along mapping traverses
typically were extended laterally by using aerial photographs and binoculars to project
or interpolate the contact or fault to its next recorded occurrence along a nearby
traverse. Only rarely were individual geologic contacts or fault lines walked out to
determine their variability and character throughout the map area. The bounding
contacts of surficial units and the location of fault scarps that traverse the units
were plotted by using a PG-2 photogrammetric plotter that allows location accuracy
equivalent to the accuracy standard for the topographic-contour base.
Description geologic structures
Geologic structure (planar structure displayed by lines, structure at specific points)
in the Redlands quadrangle are described and attributed according to the scheme
described by Matti and others (1997a, b). These classifications generally follow
conventional schemes for classifying geologic lines and points (Reynolds and others,
1995).
ATTRIBUTE CONFIDENCE
For version 1.0 of the database, the coverage red_obs is a proxy for attribute
confidence: the number of direct observations within a map unit from place to place in
the quadrangle proxies for the confidence with which the unit and its attributes are
believed to be accurately identified. Future releases of the Redlands data set will
delineate a more objective, empirical basis for map-unit identification and attribute
accuracy (map-unit and attribute confidence).
Friedman, G.M., and Sanders, J.E., 1978, Principles of sedimentology: New York, John
Wiley & Sons, 792 p.
Ingram, R.L., 1954, Terminology for the thickness of stratification and parting units in
sedimentary rocks: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 65, p. 937-938.
International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous
Rocks, 1973, Plutonic rocks: Geotimes, v. 18, no. 10, p. 26-30.
Matti, J.C., Powell, R.E., Miller, F.K., Kennedy, S.A., Ruppert, K.R., Morton, G.L., and
Cossette, P.M., 1997a, Geologic-line attributes for digital geologic-map databases
produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0:
U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-861
Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., Bunyapanasarn, T.P., Koukladas,
Catherine, Hauser, R.M., and Cossette, P.M., 1997b, Geologic-point attributes for
digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project
(SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-859
Munsell Color, 1975, Munsell soil color charts, 1975 edition: Baltimore, Maryland,
Macbeth Division of Kollmorgen Corporation.
Reynolds, M.W., Queen, J.E., and Taylor, R.B., 1995, Cartographic and digital standard
for geologic map information: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-525
Streckeisen A., 1976, To each plutonic rock its proper name: Earth Science Reviews, v.
12, p. 1-33.
Varnes, D.J., 1978, Slope movement types and processes, in Schuster, R.L., and Krizek,
R.J., eds., Landslides: analysis and control: Washington, D.C., Transportation
Research Board, National Academy of Sciences, Special Report 176, p. 11-33.
Wentworth, C.K., 1922, A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments: Journal
of Geology, v. 30, p. 377-392.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Polygon and chain-node topology present.
The areal extent of the map is represented digitally by an appropriately projected
(Polyconic projection), mathematically generated box. Consequently, polygons intersecting
the lines that comprise the map boundary are closed by that boundary. Polygons internal
to the map boundary are completely enclosed by line segments that are themselves a set of
sequentially numbered coordinate pairs. Point data are represented by coordinate pairs.
Completeness_Report:
The geologic map and digital database of the Redlands 7.5' quadrangle contain new data
that have been subjected to scientific peer review and are a substantially complete
representation of the current state of knowledge concerning the geology of the
quadrangle.
Information for geologic units, geologic contacts, and faults by necessity is
generalized. Although derived from data collected at individual observation stations,
the characteristics of map units, their bounding contacts, and faults have been averaged
and reduced to attributes that describe each map unit and each line element as a whole.
This averaging process is necessary because of the intrinsic variability that geologic
units, contacts, and faults display spatially: in detail, their characteristics
necessarily vary from place-to-place, although certain core attributes persist. To
account for this variability and yet still characterize the major defining attributes of
geologic entities, the database authors have selected and archived certain geologic
characteristics but omitted others. In such cases, details were sacrificed in the
interest of defining the average character of the geologic features.
Map-unit completeness: For map-unit polygons, version 1.0 of the Redlands database does
not exploit the full potential afforded by the data-model and attribute scheme proposed
by Matti and others (1997a). The file red_geo.pat contains limited information about
polygon themes such as geologic age and the thickness of geologic-map units (where
appropriate or where known), as well as information about unique attributes that
distinguish a map unit within a polygon or a perticular subset of polygons. Additional
lithologic-attribute data are available in the INFO data table red_summ.rel, including
age-related data and major rock type. Other than this minimal information, however, the
Redlands database for geologic-map units (red_geo) lacks the comprehensive information
content of the .pdf files (red_dmu.pdf and red_cmu.pdf).
The following data fields in the INFO table red_geo.pat for the geologic-map unit
coverage contain no information:
THICK: Information about the stratigraphic thickness of geologic units is not included
because such information was not obtained for digital version 1.0 of the Redlands
quadrangle database.
SOURCE: Information about the source of geologic information for geologic map units is
not included because in all cases such information for the Redlands database derives
from the database authors.
Line and Point Completeness: For line and point data, the Redlands database exploits the
attribution scheme proposed by Matti and others (1997a,b). This scheme allows geologic
elements represented as lines (geologic contacts, faults, fold axes, geomorphic
features) and points (bedding orientations, foliation orientations, fault dips) to be
assigned a full spectrum of attributes ranging from contact and fault type to geologic
age of linear and point features. Some of these attributes are embedded directly within
the line and point data bases (.aat and .pat, respectively). Most line and point
attributes are stored as codes in two INFO data tables (lines.rel and points.rel).
A complete description of the attribute-coding schemes for SCAMP polygon, line, and
point data is available in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports OF-97-859,
OF-97-860, and OF-97-861 (full source citations follow):
Matti, J.C., Powell, R.E., Miller, F.K., Kennedy, S.A., Ruppert, K.R., Morton, G.L., and
Cossette, P.M., 1997a, Geologic-line attributes for digital geologic-map databases
produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-861
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0861/
Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., Bunyapanasarn, T.P., Koukladas,
Catherine, Hauser, R.M., and Cossette, P.M., 1997b, Geologic-point attributes for
digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project
(SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-859
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0859/
Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., and Cossette, P.M., 1997c,
Geologic-polygon attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern
California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 97-860
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0860/
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Nationwide geologic-map accuracy standards for geologic line and point features have not
been developed and adopted by the U.S. Geological Survey and other earth-science
entities. Until such standards are developed, the Southern California Areal Mapping
Project (SCAMP) uses internal map-accuracy standards for 1:24,000-scale geologic maps
produced by the project.
In the Redlands 1:24,000 scale quadrangle, geologic lines are judged to meet the
map-accuracy standard if they are located to within ±15 meters relative to topographic
or cultural features on the base map. Within the database, line data that are judged to
meet the map-accuracy standard are denoted in the data table lines.rel by the attribute
code .MEE. (meets); line data that may not meet the map-accuracy standard are denoted by
the attribute code .MNM. (may not meet). On geologic-map plots and other plots
generated from the geologic database, line data that are judged to meet the map-accuracy
standard are denoted by solid lines; line data that may not meet the map-accuracy
standard are denoted by dashed or dotted lines.
In the database and on geologic-map plots, no cartographic device exists for denoting
the map-accuracy for geologic-point data (symbols for bedding, foliation, lineations,
etc.).
Three sources of positional error exist for geologic elements in the Redlands quadrangle
database:
(1) Positional accuracy of field observations: observation stations (data localities)
were located either on aerial photographs or on the topographic basemap of the Redlands
quadrangle by referencing hypsographic and planimetric features on the basemap.
(2) Transfer of line and point data from aerial photographs to the topographic base: For
bedrock geologic materials, point data, contacts and faults were visually transferred to
scale-stable copies of the topographic base map. For most surficial geologic materials,
geologic contacts and fault scarps were transferred to the base map through the use of a
PG-2 sterographic plotter that allows geologic elements to be located with an accuracy
and precision equivalent to the standard for the topographic-contour base.
(3) Positional fidelity during digital data processing: the maximum transformation Root
Mean Square (RMS) error acceptable for 7.5' quadrangle transformation and data input is
0.003 (1.8 meters). The horizontal positional accuracy line and point entities was
checked by visual comparison of hard-copy plots with base-stable source data.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 1967, photorevised 1980
Title:
Topographic basemap of the Redlands 7.5' quadrangle, southern California
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
Type_of_Source_Media:
Stable base material (greenline chronoflex for geologic compilation; .007 mil clearfilm
blackline for topographic basemap image)
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1967
Source_Currentness_Reference: Topographic basemap
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Redlands, 1967
Source_Contribution:
The Redlands topographic basemap served as the reference standard by which the database
authors located the position of observation stations and geologic structures (geologic
contacts, faults, fold axes). Scale-stable copies of the basemap also were used to
transfer geologic information from aerial photographs to basemap using a PG-2
stereographic plotter.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Pictorial Crafts, Inc. (contracted to the U.S. Geological Survey)
Publication_Date: 1975
Title: Pictorial Crafts aerial photography
Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper true-color aerial photographs
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 197505
Ending_Date: 197506
Source_Currentness_Reference: Paper true-color aerial photographs
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Pictorial Crafts, Inc., 1975
Source_Contribution:
The Pictorial Crafts aerial photography provides true-color rendering of geologic and
geomorphic features in the Redlands quadrangle and throughout the San Bernardino Basin.
The E-W flight lines were the primary aerial-photography resource used by the authors to
locate the position of observation stations and to plot the positions of linear geologic
structures (geologic contacts, faults, fold axes). Although their 1975 vintage post-dates
urbanization that obscures some geologic features, the photography was helpful in
recognizing geologic features whose color is a distinguishing characteristic.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service
Publication_Date: 1952
Title:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, 1952
photography (Symbol AXM, AXL)
Source_Scale_Denominator: 20000
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1952
Source_Currentness_Reference: 1952 date imprint on positive print
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ASCS 1952 photography (Symbol AXM, AXL)
Source_Contribution:
The ASCS photography provides systematic aerial-photographic cover of the Redlands
quadrangle and the rest of the San Bernardino Basin, along N-S flight lines. This
orientation contrasts with the typical E-W orientation of most photographic series, and
provides a different perspective of geologic and geomorphic features. Because the ASCS
photography pre-dates much urbanization that obscures land-form features, it was helpful
in recognizing geologic and geomorphic features that have been obliterated by human
activities in the last 50 years or so. The database authors used the 1952 ASCS
photography to augment and refine observations made using the 1975 Pictorial Crafts
photography, and to delineate features in the Redlands municipal area.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Department of Interior, Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 1966
Title:
U.S. Department of Interior, Geological Survey 1966 photography (symbol GS-VBNS)
Source_Scale_Denominator: 30000 (approximately)
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1966
Source_Currentness_Reference: 1966 date imprint on positive print
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS 1966 photography (symbol GS-VBNS)
Source_Contribution:
The USGS photography (symbol GS-VBNS) provides systematic aerial photographic coverage of
the Redlands quadrangle and the rest of the San Bernardino Basin, along E-W flight lines.
Although their 1966 vintage post-dates some urbanization that obscures geologic features,
moderate vertical exaggeration in this photo series enhances subtle geologic and
geomorphic features not easily recognized in other photoseries. The database authors used
the 1966 GS-VBNS photography to augment and refine observations made using the 1975
Pictorial Crafts photography.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service
Publication_Date: 1938
Title:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, 1938
photography (Symbol AXM, AXL)
Source_Scale_Denominator: 20000
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1938
Source_Currentness_Reference: 1938 date imprint on positive print
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ASCS 1938 photography (Symbol AXM, AXL)
Source_Contribution:
The 1938 ASCS photography provides the most regionally extensive early-vintage aerial
images available for southern California, including the Redlands quadrangle. The 1938
photography pre-dates much urbanization that obscures land-form features, and thus was
helpful in recognizing geologic and geomorphic features that have been obliterated by
human activities in the last 60 years or so. The database authors used the 1938
photography to augment and refine observations made using the 1975 Pictorial Crafts
photography, and to delineate pre-urbanization features in the northwestern part of the
quadrangle.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Spence Airplane Photos, Los Angeles (flown under contract to the U.S. Geological Survey)
Publication_Date: 1930
Title: Spence aerial photography, 1930
Source_Scale_Denominator: 18000
Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1930
Source_Currentness_Reference: 1930 date imprint on positive print
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Spence Aerial Photography, 1930
Source_Contribution:
The Spence aerial photography consists of a single flight line flown along the San Andreas
Fault in southern California, including the Redlands quadrangle. The 1930 photography
pre-dates much urbanization that obscures land-form features, and thus was helpful in
delineating geologic and geomorphic features (fault scarps, shutter ridges, lineaments)
that have been obliterated by human activities in the last 70 years or so. The database
authors used the 1930 Spence photography to interpret geomorphic details of the San
Andreas Fault Zone (San Bernardino Strand).
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Morton, D.M.
Publication_Date: 1978
Title: Geologic map of the Redlands quadrangle
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 78-21
Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
Type_of_Source_Media: stable base material
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1966
Ending_Date: 1977
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication data Time period of information content for geologic information in the 1978
Redlands quadrangle map reflects (1) the vintage (1966, 1975) of archival aerial
photographs used to interpret geologic features and (2) ground observations made by the
map author between 1976 and 1977.
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Morton, 1978
Source_Contribution:
The 1978 analog geologic map of the Redlands quadrangle is the source of geologic line,
point, and map-unit data for many bedrock map units in digital version 1.0. Lithologic,
structural, and stratigraphic data for sedimentary deposits of the San Timoteo beds of
Frick (1921) are retained, as are boundaries and structural orientations of crystalline
bedrock units. Most faults are the same as in the analog version.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Field Methods
The geologic information contained in the database and on the geologic-map plot was
generated by the U.S. Geological Survey using a combination of reconnaissance and
detailed mapping techniques. The field data were collected and plotted on aerial
photographs and on a 1:24,000-scale basemap (U.S. Geological Survey, 1:24,000 Redlands
7.5' quadrangle, 1967, photorevised, 1980)
Bedrock map units were described, mapped, and interpreted on the basis of
traverse-mapping methods. Along each traverse, geologic observations are made and
recorded at various observation stations whose postitions are stored in the coverage
red_obs. Information recorded at these stations provides the basis for the
identification and characterization of each bedrock map unit. Map-unit boundaries
(geologic contacts) and faults identified along each traverse typically were extended
laterally by using aerial photographs and binoculars to project or interpolate the fault
or contact to its next recorded occurrence along a nearby traverse. A few
sedimentary-layering attitudes were determined through binocular observation rather than
from site determinations; these are identified in the database and on the geologic-map
plot.
Surficial-materials map units were described, mapped, and interpreted on the basis of
aerial-photographic interpretation augmented by observation at specific stations. The
bounding contacts of each surficial unit and the location of fault scarps that traverse
the units were plotted by using a PG-2 photogrammetric plotter that allows location
accuracy equivalent to the accuracy standard for the topographic-contour base. The
coverage red_obs shows the position of observation stations used to determine geologic
characteristics of the surficial map units.
Jonathan C. Matti - mapped and interpreted Quaternary surficial materials throughout the
Redlands quadrangle; mapped faults of the Live Oak Canyon Fault zone based on
aerial-photographic interpretation; Re-interpreted the distribution of the Redlands
Fault - 1985-1986, 1988, 1995-1996
Douglas M. Morton – mapped the entire Redlands quadrangle for the 1978 USGS Open-File
Report 78-21. For digital v. 1.0, Morton's original Contributions in the following
areas are preserved: mapping of the San Jacinto Fault; mapping of crystalline rocks
west of the San Jacinto Fault; mapping of sedimentary materials and faults in the San
Timoteo Badlands south of San Timoteo Canyon; mapping of crystalline rocks in the
northeast corner of the Redlands quadrangle
Brett F. Cox - mapped sedimentary materials and faults of the Live Oak Canyon Fault zone
on the north side of Live Oak Canyon and San Timoteo Canyon; mapped residual pedogenic
soil in the vicinity of the intersection of Live Oak and San Timoteo Canyons - 1980.
Katherine J. Kendrick – mapped alluvial deposits and examined and described
pedogenic-soil profiles in the vicinity of the mouth of San Timoteo Canyon and in Reche
Canyon (see Kendrick, 1996, 1999; Kendrick and others, 1994; Kendrick and others, 2002)
Kendrick, K.J., 1996, Descriptions and laboratory analysis for soils in the northern San
Timoteo Badlands, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open- File Report 96-93, 6 p.
Kendrick, K.J., 1999, Quaternary geologic evolution of the northern San Jacinto fault
zone: Understanding evolving strike-slip faults through geomorphic and soil
stratigraphic analysis: Riverside, University of California, unpublished Ph.D.
dissertation, 301 p.
Kendrick, K.J., McFadden, L.D., and Morton, D.M., 1994, Soils and slip rates along the
northern San Jacinto fault, in McGill, S.F., and Ross, T.M., eds., Geological
investigations of an active margin: Geological Society of America Cordilleran Section
Guidebook, Trip No. 8, p. 146-151.
Kendrick, K.J., Morton, D.M., Wells, S.G., and Simpson, R.W., 2002, Spatial and temporal
deformation along the northern San Jacinto fault, southern California; implications for
slip rates: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 92, no. 7, pp.
2782-2802.
Process_Date: 1977 through 1995
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Analog Geologic-map Preparation Methods
The digital geologic-map database was produced from geologic linework drafted on a
1:24,000-scale greenline chronoflex of the Redlands 7.5' quadrangle using a 0.18
rapidograph drafting pen. Source materials include: (1) paper field sheets produced by
each map author; (2) annotations made by each author on aerial photographs; (3) pencil
linework generated by PG-2 stereographic plotter on a scale-stable 1:24,000-scale
chronoflex of the Redlands 7.5' quadrangle.
The basemap image (red.tif) was prepared by scanning a scale-stable blackline .007-mil
clear film of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1:24,000-scale Redlands 7.5' quadrangle
topographic map (1967, photorevised, 1980). Scanning was done using an Anatech Eagle 4080
monochrome 800 dots-per-inch scanner at a resolution of 500 dpi. The raster scan was
converted to a monochromatic image in ARC/INFO. No elements of the base layer are
attributed. The base map is provided for reference only.
Process_Date: 1990-1991
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Digital Data Capture and Editing
Geologic data for the Redlands 7.5' quadrangle were captured in different stages using
different techniques. (1) Geologic-line information in the southern third of the
quadrangle was digitized and simultaneously converted to ARC/INFO coverages through the
application and utilization of the graphical user interface ALACARTE developed by the
USGS (Fitzgibbon, 1991; Fitzgibbon and Wentworth, 1991; Wentworth and Fitzgibbon, 1991)
running on a Data General Aviion workstation. (2) For the northern two-thirds of the
quadrangle, geologic-line information was captured by scanning a scale-stable 0.010-mil
clear-film positive of linework drafted by the authors on greenline milar. The
clear-film positive was scanned by Optronics, Inc. to produce an 800 DPI raster file,
and the raster image was converted to vector format by Optronics, Inc. using proprietary
auto-vectorizing software. (3) For the entire quadrangle, geologic-point data were
captured using ARC/INFO v. 7.0.4 software using a Sun SPARC20 computer system running
Solaris v. 2.4.
The database was edited and tagged in ARC/INFO v. 7.0.4 and v. 7.1.1 using a Sun
SPARC20 computer system running Solaris v. 2.4.
Contributions by Database Editors:
Pamela M. Cossette - responsible for editing the vector scan, most geologic
database editing, assembling the final database and plot-file products, and metadata
production
Bradley Jones - responsible for data conversion in the southern part of the quadrangle
Stephen A. Kennedy - responsible for database editing in the southern part of the
quadrangle
Fitzgibbon, T.T., 1991, ALACARTE installation and system manual
(version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 91-587B.
Fitzgibbon, T.T., and Wentworth, C.M., 1991, ALACARTE user interface
- AML code and demonstration maps (version 1.0): U.S. Geological
Survey, Open-File Report 91-587A
Wentworth, C.M., and Fitzgibbon, T.T., 1991, ALACARTE user manual
(version 1.0): U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-587C
Process_Date: 1996-2000
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Observation-station coverage red_obs
The coverage red_obs contains the locations of observation stations that the dataset
authors used to describe geologic materials and geologic structures in the Redlands
quadrangle. Several kinds of observation stations are included:
(1) Field observations made by the dataset authors. These are represented by the
authors name (e.g., Jonathan C. Matti), and the station ID (e.g., JF, J.C. Matti
notebook F);
(2) Subsurface borings obtained by the California Department of Transportation at
overpassing and underpassing rights-of-way along the Interstate and State Highway
systems;
(3) Subsurface borings obtained by the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division
(WRD) and Geologic Division (Carson and others, 1986);
(4) Subsurface borings obtained by various private geotechnical-engineering firms;
(5) Soil-profile descriptions obtained by the Natural Resources and Conservation Service
(Woodruff and Brock, 1980, sheet 9)
Carson, S.E., Matti, J.C., Throckmorton, C.K., and Kelly, M.M., 1986, Stratigraphic and
geotechnical data from a drilling investigation in the San Bernardino Valley and
vicinity, California: U.S. Geological Survey -Open-File Report 86-225, 83 p., scale
1:48,000.
Woodruff, G.A., and Brock, W.Z., 1980, Soil survey of San Bernardino County,
southwestern part, California: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation
Service, 64 p., scale 1:24,000.
Process_Date: 1995-2000
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
First draft of metadata created by cossette using FGDCMETA.AML ver. 1.2 05/14/98 on
ARC/INFO data set /pool5/c/cossette2/j_matti/tucson/red/red_newtopo/red0828
Process_Date: 20000828
Process_Step:
Process_Description: Creation of original metadata record
Process_Date: 20030729
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Pamela M. Cossette
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address:
U.S. Geological Survey
Room 202
West 904 Riverside Avenue
City: Spokane
State_or_Province: Washigton
Postal_Code: 99201-1087
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 509-368-3123
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 509-368-3199
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcossette@usgs.gov
