Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Thomas M. Cronin Originator: Thomas R. Holtz Originator: Elisabeth M. Brouwers Originator: William M. Briggs Originator: Robin C. Whatley Originator: Adrian Wood Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Arctic Ostracode Database Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/other/prism-arctic-ostracod/ Description: Abstract: The Arctic Ostracode Database provides species census data for about 100 species of benthic marine Ostracoda from modern surface and late Quaternary sediments from various parts of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. Ostracodes are a microfossil group of bivalved Crustacea that secrete a calcareous shell commonly preserved in sediments in the Arctic region. Because many ostracode species have ecological limits controlled by temperature, salinity, oxygen, food and other factors, they can provide an important tool for paleoceanographic reconstruction in the Arctic. Some recent applications of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history include Briggs (1983), Reimnitz et al. (1983, 1992), McDougall et al. (1986), Clark et al.(1990), Pak et al. (1992), Brouwers et al. (1991), Cronin et al. (1993, 1994, 1995), Penney (1993a,b), Nurnberg et al. (1994), and Briggs and Mudie (in prep.). Purpose: Ostracodes are a microfossil group of bivalved Crustacea that secrete a calcareous shell commonly preserved in sediments in the Arctic region. Because many ostracode species have ecological limits controlled by temperature, salinity, oxygen, food and other factors, they can provide an important tool for paleoceanographic reconstruction in the Arctic. Supplemental_Information: All files are tab-delimited ASCII text, meaning that columns are separated by the tab character (ASCII 9). It should be straightforward to import these data into a spreadsheet or database application, provided the tab characters are preserved during the transfer across the network. To ensure that the tabs are preserved, load the files directly to your local disk, don't save them from a web browser's display window. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1995 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: irregular Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180.0 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 180.0 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 90.0 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 52.78 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: paleontology Theme_Keyword: ostracodes Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: benthos Theme_Keyword: faunal and floral census (microscopic) Theme_Keyword: Pliocene Theme_Keyword: Pleistocene Theme_Keyword: Holocene Theme_Keyword: datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Geologic Map Database Catalog themes, augmented Theme_Keyword: 1700 - Paleontology Theme_Keyword: 0300 - Biology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Augmented FIPS 10-4 and FIPS 6-4 Place_Keyword: fOC10 = Arctic Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: Arctic Ocean Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Thomas M. Cronin Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 918, National Center 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (703) 648-6363 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (703) 648-6688 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tcronin@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: We are grateful to the shipboard scientists and crews of cruises who obtained Arctic cores and samples that provided the material for this database. We are also especially appreciative of the following colleagues who have freely and kindly provided material for ostracode study: Dr. J. T. Andrews, K. Foley, Prof. D. Fütterer, Dr. A. Grantz, Dr. S. Ishman, Dr. E. Reimnitz, Dr. P. Barnes, Dr. S. Lehman, Dr. A. Mackensen, Dr. D. Nurnberg, Dr. L. Polyak, Dr. R.Z. Poore, Dr. R. Spielhagen, Dr. R. Stein, Prof. J. Thiede, Dr. C. Vogt, Dr. J. Wollenburg. Much of the ostracode research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Global Change and Climate History Program, in collaboration with INSTAAR (University of Colorado) and the Institute of Earth Studies, Aberystwyth, (University College, Wales), and with assistance from the Alfred Wegener Institute (Bremerhaven) and GEOMAR (Kiel). Most of the taxonomy of this database was agreed upon at a conference on deep-sea Ostracoda held in summer, 1993, at the USGS in Reston, Virginia, sponsored by the USGS Global Change and Climate History Program. Native_Data_Set_Environment: The data set was compiled on a Macintosh IIci, using Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Most of the 103 categories represent individual ostracode species; a few (i.e., Polycope) are genus-level categories, used because the taxonomy of a particular genus is not well understood. Category 100 represents "other", unidentified species. Category 101 includes ice- rafted ostracodes (IRO) representing shallow water species believed to be transported into deeper water sediments by Arctic Ocean sea- ice. Category 103 represents taxa from the Atlantic Ocean. Logical_Consistency_Report: The contributors to the Arctic Ostracode Database generally agree on the taxonomic identification of most Arctic ostracodes, although additional work is required in some groups such as Cytheropteron. Readers are referred to the following sources and the references therein for formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic taxa: Sars (1866, 1922-28), Elofson (1941), Neale and Howe (1975), Joy and Clark (1977), Cronin (1981; 1988), Whatley (1982), Penney (1989), Hartmann (1992), Whatley and Coles (1987), and Whatley and Eynon (1995). Completeness_Report: Water depths are not available for the following samples: >Alaska 66 >S5-77-BS-29 >S5-77-BS-16 >S5-77-BS-18 >S5-77-BS-27 >Alpha-H #9 >Alpha-H #4 >Bart. LT 27 Hazel 8 >AW-EH-2 >Barnes 44-80 >Barnes 45-80 >Eluitkit Pass >AW-R-1 >Thule, N. Sta.Bay (2) >AW-CF Neither geographic location nor water depth is available for core Pl88-AR-BC22 Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Station data are given in sources Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Core data are given in sources Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Briggs, W.M., Jr. Publication_Date: 1983 Title: Ice rafting of ostracodes and other microfauna, Beaufort Sea, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs Issue_Identification: 96th Annual Meeting, page 532 Publication_Information: Publisher: The Geological Society of America Publication_Place: Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1983 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Briggs (1983) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Briggs, W.M., Jr. Originator: Mudie, P. Publication_Date: Title: Ostracodes from the Axel Heiberg CESAR cores Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: in prep. Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Briggs and Mudie (in prep.) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Brouwers, E.M. Originator: Jorgensen, N.O. Originator: Cronin, T.M. Publication_Date: 1991 Title: Climatic significance of the ostracode fauna from the Pliocene Kap Kobenhavn Formation, north Greenland Series_Information: Series_Name: Micropaleontology Issue_Identification: 37(3): 245-267 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Brouwers et al. (1991) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Clark, D.L. Originator: Chern, L.A. Originator: Hogler, J.A. Originator: Mennicke, C.M. Originator: Atkins, E.D. Publication_Date: 1990 Title: Late Neogene climate evolution of the central Arctic Ocean Series_Information: Series_Name: Marine Geology Issue_Identification: 93: 69-94. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1990 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Clark et al. (1990) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cronin, T.M. Publication_Date: 1981 Title: Paleoclimatic implications of Late Pleistocene marine ostracodes from the St. Lawrence Lowlands Series_Information: Series_Name: Micropaleontology Issue_Identification: 27(4): 383-418. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1981 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin (1981) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cronin, T.M. Publication_Date: 1988 Title: Paleozoogeography of postglacial Ostracoda from northeastern North America Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Publication_Date: 1988 Originator: N.R. Gadd, ed. Title: The Late Quaternary development of the Champlain Sea Basin Series_Information: Series_Name: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper Issue_Identification: 35: 125-144. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1988 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin (1988) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cronin, T.M. Originator: Briggs, W.M. Jr. Originator: Brouwers, E.M. Originator: Whatley, R.C. Originator: Wood, A. Originator: Cotton, M.A. Publication_Date: 1991 Title: Modern Arctic podocopid ostracode database Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 91-385 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1991) Source_Contribution: Described a Modern Arctic Ostracode Database (MAOD) that included mostly shallow water samples from four repository laboratories: Aberystwyth (Institute of Earth Studies, University College Wales, R.C. Whatley and A. Wood), Boulder, Colorado (INSTAAR, University of Colorado, W.M. Briggs, Jr.), Denver, Colorado (U.S. Geological Survey, E.M. Brouwers), Reston, Virginia (U.S. Geological Survey, T.M. Cronin). MAOD gave the longitude, latitude, water depth of the samples and the repository for each. Most of the shallow water samples from MAOD containing more than 20 individual specimens of ostracodes are included in this modern sample database (several sites from latitudes below 50°N were excluded); taxonomy for a few species was updated and a few typographical errors were corrected. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cronin, T.M. Originator: Whatley, R. Originator: Wood, A. Originator: Tsukagoshi, A. Originator: Ikeya, N. Originator: Brouwers, E.M. Originator: Briggs, W., Jr. Publication_Date: 1993 Title: Evidence for elevated mid-Pliocene temperatures in the Arctic Ocean based on marine Ostracoda Series_Information: Series_Name: Paleoceanography Issue_Identification: 8, 161-173. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1993 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1993) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cronin, T.M. Originator: Holtz, T.R., Jr. Originator: Whatley, R.C. Publication_Date: 1994 Title: Quaternary paleoceanography of the deep Arctic Ocean based on quantitative analysis of Ostracoda Series_Information: Series_Name: Marine Geology Issue_Identification: 119, 305-332. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1994 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1994) Source_Contribution: Provided species census data from 43 coretop samples obtained during the 1991 cruise of the Polarstern to the Arctic Ocean. A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Cronin, T.M. Originator: Holtz, T.R., Jr. Originator: Stein, R. Originator: Spielhagen, R. Originator: Fütterer, D. Originator: Wollenburg, J. Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Late Quaternary paleoceanography of the Eurasian Basin, Arctic Ocean Series_Information: Series_Name: Paleoceanography Issue_Identification: 10(2): 259-281. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1995 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1995) Source_Contribution: Provided additional coretop ostracode census data from other deep water regions of the Arctic and the adjacent Nordic Seas obtained during several Polarstern and Meteor cruises and the 1992 Polar Star cruise to the Northwind Ridge region, Canada Basin. Describes the Modern Analog Technique of quantitative analyses A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Elofson, O. Publication_Date: 1941 Title: Zur kenntnis der marinen Ostracoden Schwedens, mit besonderer berucksichtigung des skagerrads Series_Information: Series_Name: Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala Issue_Identification: 19, 215-534. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1941 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Elofson (1941) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Fütterer, D. (ed.) Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Arctic'91: The expedition ARK-VIII/3 of RV "Polarstern" in 1991 Series_Information: Series_Name: Berichte zur Polarforschung Issue_Identification: 107, 1-267. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1992 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fütterer (1992) Source_Contribution: Station data for 43 coretop samples obtained during the 1991 cruise of the Polarstern to the Arctic Ocean Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Fütterer, D. (ed.) Publication_Date: 1994 Title: The expedition ARCTIC '93 Leg ARK IX/4 of RV "Polarstern" 1993 Series_Information: Series_Name: Berichte zur Polarforschung Issue_Identification: 149: 1-244. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1944 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Fütterer (1994) Source_Contribution: Surface sample data from the 1993 Polarstern cruise to the Barents and Laptev Seas Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Hartmann, G Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Zur Kenntnis der rezenten und subfossilen Ostracoden des Liefdefjords (Nordspitzbergen, Svalbard).i.teil. Mit einer tabelle subfossil nachgewiesener Foraminiferen Series_Information: Series_Name: Mitt. hamb. zool. Mus. Inst. Issue_Identification: 89, 181-225. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1992 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Hartmann (1992) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joy, J.A. Originator: Clark, D.L. Publication_Date: 1977 Title: The distribution, ecology and systematics of the benthic Ostracoda of the central Arctic Ocean Series_Information: Series_Name: Micropaleontology Issue_Identification: 23, 129-154. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1977 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Joy and Clark (1977) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: McDougall, K. Originator: Brouwers, E.M. Originator: Smith, P. Publication_Date: 1986 Title: Micropaleontology and sedimentology of the PB borehole series, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin Issue_Identification: 1598 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1986 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: McDougall et al. (1986) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Neale, J.W. Originator: Howe, H.V. Publication_Date: 1975 Title: The marine Ostracoda of Russian Harbour, Novaya Zemlya and other high latitude faunas Series_Information: Series_Name: Bulletin of American Paleontology Issue_Identification: 65, 381-431. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1975 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Neale and Howe (1975) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nurnberg, D. Originator: I. Wollenburg Originator: D. Dethleff Originator: H. Eicken Originator: H. Kassens Originator: T. Letzig Originator: E. Reimnitz Originator: J. Thiede Publication_Date: 1994 Title: Sediments in Arctic sea ice: implications for entrainment, transport and release Series_Information: Series_Name: Marine Geology Issue_Identification: 119: 185-214. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1994 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Nurnberg et al. (1994) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pak, D.K. Originator: Clark, D.L. Originator: Blasco, S.M. Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Late Pleistocene stratigraphy and micropaleontology of a part of the Eurasian Basin (=Fram Basin), central Arctic Ocean Series_Information: Series_Name: Marine Micropaleontology Issue_Identification: 20: 1-22. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1992 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Pak et al. (1992) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Penney, D.N. Publication_Date: 1989 Title: Recent shallow marine Ostracoda of the Ikerssuak (Bredefjord) district, Southwest Greenland Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Micropalaeontology Issue_Identification: 8, 55-75. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1989 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Penney (1989) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Penney, D.N. Publication_Date: 1993 Title: Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene ostracode stratigraphy and paleoclimate of the Lodin Elv and Kap Kobenhavn formations, East Greenland Series_Information: Series_Name: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Issue_Identification: 101, 49-66. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1993 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Penney (1993a) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Penney, D.N. Publication_Date: 1993 Title: Northern North Sea benthic Ostracoda: modern distribution, palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental significance Series_Information: Series_Name: The Holocene Issue_Identification: 3, 241-254. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1993 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Penney (1993b) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reimnitz, E. Originator: McCormick, M. Originator: McDougall, K. Originator: Brouwers, E.M. Publication_Date: 1983 Title: Sediment export by ice rafting from a coastal polynya, Arctic Alaska, U.S.A. Series_Information: Series_Name: Arctic and Alpine Research Issue_Identification: 25, 83-98. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1983 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Reimnitz et al. (1983) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reimnitz, E. Originator: Marincovich, L. Originator: McCormick, M. Originator: Briggs, W.M., Jr. Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Suspension freezing of bottom sediment and biota in the Northwest Passage and implications for Arctic Ocean sedimentation Series_Information: Series_Name: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Issue_Identification: 29: 693-703. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1992 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Reimnitz et al. (1992) Source_Contribution: A recent application of ostracodes to understanding Arctic Ocean history Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sars, G.O. Publication_Date: 1866 Title: Oversigt af Norges marine Ostracoder Series_Information: Series_Name: Vidensk. -Selsk. Forhandl. Christiania Issue_Identification: 17 (for 1865), 1-130. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1866 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sars (1866) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sars, G.O. Publication_Date: 1922-1928 Title: An account of the Crustacea of Norway Volume IX, Ostracoda Publication_Information: Publisher: Bergen Museum Publication_Place: Bergen, Norway Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1922 Ending_Date: 1928 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sars (1922-28) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Whatley, R.C. Publication_Date: 1982 Title: Littoral and sublittoral Ostracoda from Sisimiut, West Greenland Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Fox, A.D. Originator: Stroud, D.A. Publication_Date: 1982 Title: Report of the 1979 Greenland White-Fronted Goose Study Expedition to Equalunqmiut Nunat, Western Greenland Publication_Information: Publisher: University of Wales Press Publication_Place: Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1982 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Whatley (1982) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Whatley, R.C. Originator: G. Coles Publication_Date: 1987 Title: The late Miocene to Quaternary Ostracoda of Leg 94, Deep Sea Drilling Project Series_Information: Series_Name: Revista Espanola de Micropaleontologicia Issue_Identification: 19 (1), 33-97. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1987 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Whatley and Coles (1987) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Whatley, R.C. Originator: M. Eynon Publication_Date: in press Title: Ostracoda from the Greenland Sea Series_Information: Series_Name: Micropalaeontology Issue_Identification: Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: in press Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Whatley and Eynon (1995) Source_Contribution: Contains and refers to formal taxonomic treatment of Arctic ostracode taxa Process_Step: Process_Description: Compilation of the sample data and faunal census data Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin (1981) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin (1988) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1991) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Elofson (1941) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Fütterer (1992) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Fütterer (1994) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hartmann (1992) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Joy and Clark (1977) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Neale and Howe (1975) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Penney (1989) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Sars (1866) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Sars (1922-28) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Whatley (1982) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Whatley and Coles (1987) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Whatley and Eynon (1995) Process_Date: 1995 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1994) Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Cronin et al. (1995) Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 402 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.01 Longitude_Resolution: 0.01 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: core top Depth_Resolution: 1 Depth_Distance_Units: centimeters Depth_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Ostracode assemblage Entity_Type_Definition: Numerical census of ostracode shells found in a sediment sample. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Site Attribute_Definition: Core or sample identifier (text following a variety of coding schemes) Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Top (cm) Attribute_Definition: Depth in core of the top of the sampled interval Attribute_Definition_Source: Cronin et al. 1995 Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 389 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Bottom (cm) Attribute_Definition: Depth in core of the bottom of the sampled interval Attribute_Definition_Source: Cronin et al. 1995 Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 389 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude of the sample site Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 50.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 90.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: ? (literal question-mark) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The value is not known Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude of the sample site Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -180.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 180.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: ? (literal question-mark) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The value is not known Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Water depth (m) Attribute_Definition: Depth of the sea floor at the sample site Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4426 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: ? (literal question-mark) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The value is not known Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Total Attribute_Definition: Total number of ostracode specimens counted Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 20 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3175 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: individual specimens Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Each assemblage is further documented by the number of each of 101 taxa of ostracode specimens found in it. For each of these taxa, the label used in the data files is TaxonXXX where XXX is the number of the taxon, an arbitrary designation related to a more formal scientific reference in the file taxa.txt. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: taxa.txt Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter N. Schweitzer Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 954, National Center 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (703) 648-6533 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pschweitzer@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Columnar text (tab-delimited) Format_Information_Content: Sample labels, taxon counts, and totals. File_Decompression_Technique: unzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/other/prism-arctic-ostracod/data.zip Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20160205 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter N. Schweitzer Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Collection manager, USGS Geoscience Data Clearinghouse, http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/ Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 954, National Center 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (703) 648-6533 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pschweitzer@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998