Surficial geology along the Spokane River, Washington and its relationship to the metal content of sediments (Idaho-Washington stateline to Latah Creek confluence): Sediment geochemistry

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Surficial geology along the Spokane River, Washington and its relationship to the metal content of sediments (Idaho-Washington stateline to Latah Creek confluence): Sediment geochemistry
Abstract:
The Spokane River flows westward into eastern Washington out of the northern end of Lake Coeur d'Alene in northern Idaho. The river and lake lie downstream of the Coeur d'Alene mining district, where over 56 million metric tonnes of metal-enriched tailings were disposed into the Coeur d'Alene River between 1886 and 1968 (Long, 1998). Geochemical analyses of riverine sediments in the Spokane River by the Washington Dept of Ecology (Johnson, 1999), the US Geological Survey (Grosbois and others, 2001; Box and others, in prep.) and an EPA contractor (URS Greiner, 2000, 2001) have indicated that Spokane River sediments are variably enriched in metals derived from those tailings. In this report we present a surficial geologic map (plates 1 through 8) of the unconsolidated deposits within and along the Spokane River in eastern Washington between the Idaho stateline and the confluence with Latah Creek about 20 miles downstream. Existing sample datasets for sediments and soils in and along the Spokane River are also located on the map and the surficial geologic unit that was sampled is noted. This work was undertaken in cooperation with the Washington Department of Ecology and the Environmental Protection Agency.
Supplemental_Information:
The digital surficial geologic map of the Spokane River channel and its margins in Washington between the Idaho state line and the confluence of Latah Creek was compiled on a base of 1:12, 000 scale Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQs) from field maps prepared on 1:3,000 scale paper printouts of the DOQQs in August and September of 2000. The units are defined by the lithologic character of the surficial sediment and by their geomorphological settings.
The dBase dataset (srsedchem.dbf) discussed here contains analytical geochemistry data and sediment sample locations projected in UTM zone 11, North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27).
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Box, Stephen E., and Wallis, John C., 2002, Surficial geology along the Spokane River, Washington and its relationship to the metal content of sediments (Idaho-Washington stateline to Latah Creek confluence): Sediment geochemistry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-126, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -117.5
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -117
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.75
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.58
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 1999
    Currentness_Reference:
    publication date
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: MS Excel DBF4 Table
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity point (350)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 11
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.0
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
      False_Easting: 500000.0
      False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using Row and column
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1927.
      The ellipsoid used is Clarke 1866.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378206.4.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/294.98.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    srsedchem.dbf
    This dBase4 table contains sample point locations (UTM NAD27) and geochemical analyses.
    SAMPLE_ID
    Sample identifier (string of width 13) (Source: from source reference)
    GRAINSIZE
    Size fraction of analyzed sample (Source: from source reference.)
    ValueDefinition
    <63 umless than 63 microns
    <175 umless than 175 microns
    <500 umless than 500 microns
    <2000 umless than 2 millimeters
    DATASET
    Source of sample data
    ValueDefinition
    URS-00 
    URS-01 
    URS-99 
    USGS-99 
    UTM27E
    Location of sample (UTM East, zone 11 NAD 27)
    Range of values
    Minimum:465710
    Maximum:496930
    Units:meters
    Resolution:1
    UTM27N
    Location of sample (UTM North, zone 11 NAD 27)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5277588
    Maximum:5282578
    Units:meters
    Resolution:1
    MAP_UNIT
    Surficial geologic map unit of sediment sample.
    ValueDefinition
    QscSand, sloping channel flank deposit
    QsfSand, floodplain bench deposit
    QgpfGravel, fine pebble (2-20 mm)
    QgpcGravel, coarse pebble (20-64 mm)
    QgcfGravel, fine cobble (64-125 mm)
    Qgcc1Gravel, coarse cobble and boulder (>125 mm), with little fines
    Qgcc2Gravel, coarse cobble and boulder (>125 mm), with patches of sand
    Qgcc3Gravel, coarse cobble and boulder (>125 mm), with patches of silt
    QcrcCobble riffle in low-flow channel
    QcrbBoulder riffle in low-flow channel
    QcpbLow-flow channel pool with emergent boulders
    QcpLow-flow channel pool
    QciChannel bed beneath impounded reservoirs
    QcbChannel, scoured bedrock
    Qts1Sand and gravel deposits of the first (lowest) terrace
    Qts2Sand and gravel deposits of the second terrace
    Qts3Sand and gravel deposits of the third terrace
    QafArtificial fill rock
    PB_PPM
    The amount of lead detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: from source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-67
    Maximum:3500
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    ZN_PPM
    The amount of zinc detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: from source reference.)
    ValueDefinition
    -78 
    -60 
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6400
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    AS_PPM
    The amount of arsenic detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: from source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:60.0
    Units:parts per million by weight
    CD_PPM
    The amount of cadmium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.1
    Maximum:38.0
    Units:parts per million by weight
    FE_%
    The amount of iron detected in sample in percent (%) by weight (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:6.2
    Units:percent by weight
    HG_PPM
    The amount of mercury detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:9.20
    Units:parts per million by weight
    MN_PPM
    The amount of manganese detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:4900
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    SB_PPM
    The amount of antimony detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: Lab results)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:21.0
    Units:parts per million by weight
    AL_%
    The amount of aluminum detected in sample in percent (%) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:14.7
    Units:percent by weight
    AG_PPM
    The amount of silver detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.5
    Maximum:6.2
    Units:parts per million by weight
    BA_PPM
    The amount of barium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1400
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    BE_PPM
    The amount of beryllium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:3.3
    Units:parts per million by weight
    C_TOT_%
    The total amount of carbon detected in sample in percent (%) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.1
    Maximum:11.0
    Units:percent by weight
    TOC_%
    The total amount of organic carbon detected in sample in percent (%) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:10.2
    Units:percent by weight
    CO_PPM
    The amount of cobalt detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:25
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    CR_PPM
    The amount of chromium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:70
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    CU_PPM
    The amount of copper detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:82
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    NI_PPM
    The amount of nickel detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:274
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    P_PPM
    The amount of phosphorus detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2000
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    S_TOT_%
    The total amount of sulfur detected in sample in percent (%) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.1
    Maximum:0.4
    Units:percent by weight
    SE_PPM
    The amount of selenium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.1
    Maximum:1.5
    Units:parts per million by weight
    SR_PPM
    The amount of strontium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:550
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1
    TI_%
    The amount of titanium detected in sample in percent (%) by weight. (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00
    Maximum:0.66
    Units:percent by weight
    V_PPM
    The amount of vanadium detected in sample in parts per million (ppm) by weight (Source: From source reference.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:110
    Units:parts per million by weight
    Resolution:1

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Stephen E. Box
    • John C. Wallis
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Stephen E. Box
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    904 W. Riverside Ave., Rm 202
    Spokane, WA
    USA

    509-368-3106 (voice)
    509-368-3199 (FAX)
    sbox@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 9 - 5 Pacific Time Zone

Why was the data set created?

The data were prepared in cooperation with the Department of Ecology and the Environmental Protection Agency to aid in the interpretation of the distribution, sources, and transport processes of metal- enriched sediment in and along the Spokane River. These agencies are evaluating the relative metal enrichment in the riverine sediments due to concerns of potential health impacts to humans, waterfowl, and aquatic organisms.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    DRG (source 1 of 6)
    U.S. Geological Survey, 1997, Digital Raster Graphic (DRG): Digital Raster Graphic >47117f1 (1973), >47117f2 (1986), >47117f3 (1986), >47117f4 (1986), U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
    Source_Contribution:
    DRG's were used in conjunction with DOQQ's to verify all sample site locations that were identified in this report. They were also used to correct some of the source data (point locations) that may have been originally in error.
    DOQQ (source 2 of 6)
    U.S. Geological Survey, 1992 and 1995, Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQ): Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle >47117F11 (1992), >47117F12 (1992), >47117F13 (1992), >47117F14 (1992), >47117F21 (1995), >47117F22 (1995), >47117F23 (1995), >47117F24 (1995), >47117F31 (1995), >47117F32 (1995), >47117F33 (1995), >47117F34 (1995), >47117F41 (1995), >47117F42 (1995), >47117F43 (1995), >47117F44 (1995), U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 12000
    Source_Contribution:
    DOQQ's were used in conjunction with DRG's to verify all sample site locations that were identified in this report. They were also used to correct some of the source data (point locations) that may have been originally in error.
    USGS-99 (source 3 of 6)
    Horowitz, Art, Unpublished Material, (written communication).

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution:
    Written communication from Art Horowitz of USGS containing sample site geochemistry and sample locations from Spokane River channel.
    URS-99 (source 4 of 6)
    URS Greiner, Inc., 2000, Draft Final Screening Level Human Health Risk Assessment for Nonresidential Receptors Spokane River, Washington. Coeur d'Alene Basin RI/FS.: Coeur d'Alene Basin RI/FS.

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution:
    Sediment sample locations and geochemistry from the Spokane River
    URS-00 (source 5 of 6)
    Greiner, URS, 2000, (written communication).

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution:
    Sediment sample locations and geochemistry from the Spokane River.
    URS-01 (source 6 of 6)
    URS Greiner, Inc., 2001, Draft Field Sampling Plan Addendum 18 - Fall 2000 Field Screening of Sediment in Spokane River Depositional Areas. Coeur d'Alene Basin RI/FS.: Coeur d'Alene Basin RI/FS.

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution:
    Sediment sample locations and geochemistry from the Spokane River.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2001 (process 1 of 2)
    This table (srsedchem.dbf) was originally compiled in MS excel 2000. It was then converted to dBase4 format and imported to ArcView 3.1 as an Event Theme.
    This dBase4 table contains data from USGS-99, URS-99, URS-00, and URS-01, data sources. Point locations are presented in UTM zone 11 North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27). To verify sample site coordinates we plotted sample sites onto DRGs and/or DOQQs in ArcView 3.1. Some plotted locations did not match field descriptions or locations noted in source field notes or sketch maps. In some cases we were able to correct misfit locations by matching them to the locations noted on the original field maps. In other cases we moved misfit sample locations to an area that closely matched the description in the field notes of our source materials. These data are therefore considered to be accurate to within +/-10 meters depending on distinctiveness of the site and/or its distance from features both on the ground and on field maps.
    Some of the geospatial source material was provided in geographic projection. These data had to be converted from latitude/longitude to UTM NAD27 using an ArcView script addxycoo.ave or an MS Excel Lat/Lon to UTM27 conversion table (written communication). Person who carried out this activity:
    Stephen E. Box
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    904 W. Riverside Ave., Rm 202
    Spokane, WA
    USA

    509-368-3106 (voice)
    509-368-3199 (FAX)
    sbox@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 9 - 5 Pacific Time Zone
    Date: 20-Mar-2002 (process 2 of 2)
    Creation of original metadata record Person who carried out this activity:
    John C. Wallis
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Contractor
    904 W. Riverside Ave., Rm 202
    Spokane, WA
    USA

    509-368-3108 (voice)
    509-368-3199 (FAX)
    jwallis@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 4:00 Pacific Time Zone
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Attribute accuracy of geospatial data was verified by manual comparison of the source field data with hardcopy printouts, and on screen evaluations. 100% of tabulated data for lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) was verified between digital tables and the hardcopy sources from which they were derived.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Sample location data came from several sources, and were tested by comparing source data to how they plotted on DRGs and DOQQs. Some data point locations, from source materials, were modified after on- screen evaluations showed errors in their plotted locations. After verbal discussions and written communications with the authors of the source data, our data now reflect the most accurate geospatial data we are able to produce. These data are therefore considered to be accurate to within +/- 25 meters depending on distinctiveness of the site and/or its distance from features both on the ground and on field maps.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Point data is given in UTM NAD27

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
This digital dataset is not to be used or displayed at any scale larger than 1:12,000 (e.g., 1: 6,000).
Any hardcopies utilizing this data set shall clearly indicate its source. If the users have modified the data in any way, they are obliged to describe the types of modifications they have performed. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent this data set, nor to imply that changes they made were approved by the U.S. Geological Survey.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    USGS Information Services
    Box 25286 Denver Federal Center
    Denver, CO
    USA

    1-888-ASK-USGS (voice)
    303-202-4693 (FAX)
    ask@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? USGS Open-File Report 02-126
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides these data "as is". The USGS makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of the information contained in the data set. The USGS further makes no warranties, either expressed or implied as to any other matter whatsoever, including, without limitation, the condition of the product, or its fitness for any particular purpose. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. Although this data has been processed successfully on computers at the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS regarding the use of this data on any other system, nor does the fact of distribution constitute or imply any such warranty. In no event shall the USGS have any liability whatsoever for payment of any consequential, incidental, indirect, special, or tort damages of any kind, including but not limited to, any loss of profits arising out of use or reliance on the geographic data or arising out of the delivery, installation, operation, or support by the USGS.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: Geologic units, sediment chemical data, and PDF version of report in format Shapefile (version 1.0) Size: 4.6
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0126/of02-126.ZIP
    • Cost to order the data: none

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 10-Jun-2016
Metadata author:
Peter N Schweitzer
USGS Midwest Area
Collection manager, USGS Geoscience Data Clearinghouse, http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/
Mail Stop 954
12201 Sunrise Valley Dr
Reston, VA
USA

703-648-6533 (voice)
703-648-6252 (FAX)
pschweitzer@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/open-file/02-126/sed-chem.faq.html>
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