Entry_ID: (required)
Entry_Title: Velocities of outlet glaciers, ice streams, and ice shelves, Antarctica, from satellite images
Group: Data_Set_Citation
  Originator(s): B.K. Lucchitta; J.M. Barrett; J.A. Bowell; J.G. Ferrigno; K.F. Mullins; C.E. Rosanova; R.S. Williams, Jr.
  Title: Velocities of outlet glaciers, ice streams, and ice shelves, Antarctica, from satellite images
  Publication_Date: 1995
  Publication_Place: Flagstaff, Arizona
  Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
  URL: http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/pub/antarctica/glacier-velocity/Core/meta/report.html
End_Group
Keyword: Glacier
Keyword: Glacier tongues
Keyword: Glacier velocity
Group: Temporal_Coverage
  Start_date: 1972
  Stop_date: 19921204
End_Group
Data_Set_Progress: Complete
Group: Spatial_Coverage
  Southernmost_Latitude: -76.0
  Northernmost_Latitude: -67.0
  Westernmost_Longitude: -142.0
  Easternmost_Longitude: 130.0
End_Group
Location: Antarctica
Group: Data_Resolution
End_Group
  Access_Constraints: none
  Use_Constraints: none
Originating_Center: (required)
Group: Data_Center
  Data_Center_Name: (required)
Group: Data_Center_Contact
  Last_name: Schweitzer
  First_name: Peter
  Middle_name: N.
  Email: pschweitzer@usgs.gov
  Phone: (703) 648-6533
  Group: Address
    Mail Stop 918 National Center
    U.S. Geological Survey
    12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
    Reston, VA 20192
    USA
  End_Group
End_Group
End_Group
Group: Distribution
  Distribution_Media: online
  Distribution_Format : TEXT
  Fees: none
End_Group
Group: Reference
End_Group
Group: Summary
  Changes in global climate and sea level are intricately linked
  to changes in the area and volume of polar ice sheets.  Thus,
  melting of the ice sheets may severely impact the densely
  populated coastal regions on Earth.  Melting of the West
  Antarctic ice sheet alone could raise sea level by
  approximately 5 m.  In spite of their importance, the current
  mass balances (the net gains or losses) of the Antarctic ice
  sheets are not known.  Because of difficult logistic problems
  in Antarctica, field research has focused on only a few major
  ice streams and outlet glaciers.  Yet, to understand the ice
  sheet dynamics fully, we must carefully document all of the
  coastal changes associated with advance and retreat of ice
  shelves, outlet glaciers, and ice streams.
  
  A critical parameter of ice sheets is their velocity field,
  which, together with ice thickness, allows the determination
  of discharge rates.  Remote sensing, using moderate- to high-
  resolution satellite images, permits glacier movement to be
  measured on sequential images covering the same area; the
  velocities can be measured quickly and relatively
  inexpensively by tracking crevasses or other patterns that
  move with the ice.  Especially important are velocities where
  the ice crosses the glaciers grounding lines (locations along
  the coast where the ice is no longer ground supported and
  begins to float).
  
  This report summarizes the results of velocity measurements of
  outlet glaciers, ice streams, and ice shelves around the
  Antarctic periphery.  For some regions, where suitable images
  were available, the same area was measured repeatedly to
  validate the data or register changes in velocity with time.
  The results given here are a compendium of published papers
  and work in progress.  The results constitute a data base that
  will be added to and amended as more velocity measurements
  become available.
End_Group
Group: DIF_Author
  Last_name: Schweitzer
  First_name: Peter
  Middle_name: N.
  Email: pschweitzer@usgs.gov
  Phone: (703) 648-6533
  Group: Address
    Mail Stop 918
    U.S. Geological Survey
    12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
    Reston, VA 20192
    USA
  End_Group
End_Group
DIF_Revision_Date: 19960207
Science_Review_Date: