Geologic map and digital database of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   Matti, Jonathan C., Morton, Douglas C., Cox, Brett F., Carson, Scott E., and Yetter, Thomas J., 2003, Geologic map and digital database of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California: United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-301, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California.

   Online Links:

   • http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -117.12509183
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.99990817
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.12499996
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.99998412
   

3. What does it look like?

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/images/yuc_map.gif (GIF)

   Reduced-size image of the entire map sheet, 425x300 pixels, 43k bytes. 475x334 pixels, 56k bytes.

   http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/pdf/yuc_map.pdf (PDF)

   Navigable portable document format file (.pdf) image of the geologic map, topographic base, Correlation of Map Units, Description of Map Units and key to point and line symbols.

4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 1930

   Ending_Date: 1998

   Currentness_Reference:

   Time period of information content for geologic data in the Yucaipa database reflects (1) the vintage (1930, 1938, 1952, 1966, 1975) of archival aerial photographs used to interpret geologic features and (2) ground observations made by the map authors between 1977 and 1998.

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (1484)
      • String (4062)
      • GT-polygon composed of chains (1485)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      The map projection used is Polyconic.
      

      Projection parameters:

      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.0625
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 34.00
      False_Easting: 0.0
      False_Northing: 0.0
      

      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.0027671901044
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.0027671901044
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1927.
      The ellipsoid used is Clarke 1866.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378206.4.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/294.98.
      
7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

   The ARC/INFO version of the digital geologic database of the Yucaipa 7.5'quadrangle consists of five coverages:

   yuc_geo (geologic map units and linear geologic entities)
   yuc_pts (geologic point features)
   yuc_obs (distribution of data stations)
   yuc_ptsorn (geologic line ornamentation)
   yuc_ldr (map-unit label leaders).
   

   Three additional INFO tables are included in the data set: yuc_summ.rel (provides general information about each geologic-map unit, including general lithologic features, geologic age, and geologic origin which applies to all polygons of a specified map unit)
   lines.rel - (provides information about geologic features displayed as lines on the map. For a complete description of attributes in lines.rel, refer to USGS Open-File Report 97-861: see Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation)
   points.rel - (provides information about geologic features displayed as points on the map. For a complete description of attributes in points.rel, refer to USGS Open-File Report 97-859: see Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation)
   1) The coverage yuc_geo contains information about geologic-map units (represented by polygons) and planar geologic features that bound or break them (e.g. geologic contacts and faults) represented by lines. The polygons have cartographic and geologic attributes contained in yuc_geo.pat; the lines have cartographic and geologic attributes contained in yuc_geo.aat. For display purposes, the geology coverage contains two annotation subclasses: geo contains unit labels, and fault contains formal fault names.
   2) The coverage yuc_pts contains analyzable structural data, including information that describes the types and orientation of planar and linear geologic features such as bedding, foliation, fault-plane dip, and fold-hinge plunge. One annotation subclass is included in the geologic points coverage which displays the respective dip and plunge values associated with individual point data.
   3) The coverage yuc_obs contains point data that repesent the locality of data stations associated with multiple authors and sources, all of which have contributed geologic data. The locality data represented in yuc_obs serves several purposes: (1) as a proxy for author confidence in unit identification, (2) as a means of identifying each author's contribution, and (3) as a means of identifying data from sources other than the USGS authors. One annotation subclass, obs, identifies five particular locations: four Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) soil profile description localities and one USGS Water Resource Division (WRD) well-log data locality.
   4) The coverage yuc_ptsorn stores point data that represent ornamentation for geologic lines (e.g. strike slip arrows, bar and ball on down-thrown block, etc.)
   5) The coverage yuc_ldr contains annotation leaders that point to unit labels that are placed outside the perimeter of a particular geologic polygon. These cartographic line entities are attributed with only a single attribute, L-SYMB, and all have the same value, 1.

   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

   A complete description of the polygon, line, and point data coding schemes is available in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports OF-97-859, OF-97-860, and OF-97-861 (full source citations follow):
   Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., Bunyapanasarn, T.P., Koukladas, Catherine, Hauser, R.M., and Cossette, P.M., 1997b, Geologic-point attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-859
   Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., and Cossette, P.M., 1997c, Geologic-polygon attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-860
   Matti, J.C., Powell, R.E., Miller, F.K., Kennedy, S.A., Ruppert, K.R., Morton, G.L., and Cossette, P.M., 1997a, Geologic-line attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-861

   yuc_geo.pat

   Geologic units shown on geologic map in Postscript (.ps) and Portable Document Format (.pdf) files

   TAG

   A reference label for subgroups of polygons of the geologic-map unit identified by LABL. Every polygon subgroup has certain attributes in common with all other polygons of the map unit, but each subgroup has unique, distinguishing attributes that warrant recognition in the database although those distinguishing characteristics do not provide a basis for recognizing new map units (for example, geographic variations in properties such as grain size, thickness, and clast compositiion).
   TAG serves one additional purpose: it functions as the relate item that associates each polygon with its attributes stored in the polygon-attribute data table, YUC_SUMM.REL.
   TAG is defined as LABL followed by an upper-case letter, e.g., QwA, QwB, or QwC, etc. Most map units in the Yucaipa databse have only one TAG designation, TAG A; map units having polygon subsets representing characteristics sufficiently distinct from those of the overall unit include: Qw (QwA, QwB), Qf (QfA, QfB), Qya4 (Qya4A, Qya4B), Qya5 (Qya5A, Qya5B), Qvof3 (Qvof3A, Qvof3B0, Tgr (TgrA, TgrB).
   

   LABL

   Geologic map unit label. Plain text is substituted for specialized geologic age symbols.

   Value	Definition
   Kao	Granodiorite of Angeles Oaks
   Kcc
   Monzogranite of City Creek
   Mzc	Diorite of Cram Peak
   Mzd	Diorite
   Mzfg	Foliated granitoid rock
   Mzg	Granitoid rock
   Mzga	Orthogneiss of Alger Creek
   Mzgr	Mesocratic granitoid rock
   Mzi	Inclusion-rich granitoid rock
   Mzmg	Mylonitic and cataclastic granitoid rock
   Mzmm	Mixed mafic rocks
   Mzpsg	Pelona Schist, greenstone unit
   Mzpsm	Pelona schist, muscovite schist
   QTstu	San Timoteo beds of Frick (1921), upper member
   Qvya	Very young axial-valley deposits (latest Holocene)
   Qvyc	Very young colluvial deposits (latest Holocene)
   Qvyf	Very young alluvial-fan deposits (latest Holocene)
   Qvyls	Very young landslide deposits (latest Holocene)
   Qoa1	Old axial-valley deposits, Unit 1
   Qoa2	Old axial-valley deposits, Unit 2
   Qoa3	Old axial-valley deposits, Unit 3
   Qof	Old alluvial-fan deposits
   Qof1	Old alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 1
   Qof2	Old alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 2
   Qof3	Old alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 3
   Qols	Old landslide deposits
   Qvoa3	Very old axial-valley deposits, Unit 3
   Qvof3	Very old alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 3
   Qvos	Very old surficial deposits, undifferentiated
   Qvyw	Very young wash deposits, active (latest Holocene)
   Qvyw1	Very young wash deposits, Unit 1 (latest Holocene)
   Qvyw2	Very young wash deposits, Unit 2 (latest Holocene)
   Qya	Young deposits of axial-valley floors
   Qya1	Young axial-valley deposits, Unit 1
   Qya3	Young axial-valley deposits, Unit 3
   Qya4	Young axial-valley deposits, Unit 4
   Qya5	Young axial-valley deposits, Unit 5
   Qyf	Young alluvial-fan deposits
   Qyf1	Young alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 1
   Qyf2	Young alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 2
   Qyf3	Young alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 3
   Qyf4	Young alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 4
   Qyf5	Young alluvial-fan deposits, Unit 5
   Qyls	Young landslide deposits
   Ta	Andesite to dacite
   Tgr	Granodiorite
   Tma	Mill Creek Formation of Gibson (1971), arkose unit
   Tmcp	Mill Creek Formation of Gibson (1971), Pelona Schist-bearing conglomerate unit
   Tmcv	Mill Creek Formation of Gibson (1971), volcanic-clast-bearing unit
   Tmm	Mill Creek Formation of Gibson (1971), mudrock unit
   Tms	Mill Creek Formation of Gibson (1971), sandstone unit
   Trm	Porphyritic monzogranite
   Tw	Formation of Warm Springs Canyon
   gg	Gneissose granitoid rock and gneiss

   PLABL

   Coded geologic map unit label used to generate plot labels using appropriate stratigraphic symbols. Geologic units having LABL Mzc, Mzd, Mzfg, Mzg, Mzga, Mzgg, Mzgr, Mzi, Mzmg, Mzmm, Mzpsg, Mzpsm, (Mesozoic), appear in the item PLABL as }c, }d etc.; unit label Trm (Triassic) appears as ^m, in the item PLABL. The replacement characters call up stratigraphic age symbols from the GeoAge Font Group. Map unit labels will plot on derivative map plots with appropriate stratigraphic symbols if PLABL is used as the source of unit labels.

   SHDFIL

   Polygon fill pattern from shadeset geology2.shd (included in the data package)

   SHDPS

   Polygon color from shadeset scamp2.shd (included in the data package) and used to generate the map plotfile

   THICK

   Thickness data for geologic unit (sedimentary and surficial), where relevant

   NAME

   Name of each geologic-map unit

   UNIQUE

   Allows for the description of geologic properties that are unique to a particular polygon or group of polygons

   SOURCE

   Allows identification of sources from which polygon data have been compiled other than the U.S. Geological Survey authors of this database

   yuc_summ.rel

   INFO table containing general information about each geologic-map unit, including lithologic features, geologic age, and geologic origin which applies to all polygons of a specified map unit.

   TAG

   The data-base item that relates polygon subgroups to their associated map unit identified in the polygon feature attribute table, yuc_geo.pat.

   AGEMIN

   The minimum age (youngest possible age) for a geologic-map unit. Data include mimimum estimates for (1) age of formation of sedimentary and igneous rocks and surficial materials, (2) metamorphic age for geologic materials that have been metamorphosed, (3) deformation age for geologic materials that have been deformed (folded, faulted, penetratively deformed, brecciated, fractured), and (4) age of alteration for stained and altered geologic materials. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   AGEMAX

   The maximum age (oldest possible age) for a geologic-map unit. Data include maximum estimates for (1) age of formation of sedimentary and igneous rocks and surficial materials, (2) metamorphic age for geologic materials that have been metamorphosed, (3) deformation age for geologic materials that have been deformed (folded, faulted, penetratively deformed, brecciated, fractured), and (4) age of alteration for stained and altered geologic materials. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   AGECON

   Indicates the basis for assigning a geologic age to a map unit and the confidence with which that age is assigned. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   TYPE

   Provides a hierarchical classification of the general lithologic types occurring in a geologic-map unit, including whether a particular map unit is a bedrock unit or a surficial unit. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   CLASS

   Provides the stratigraphic classification of a rock unit in terms of the North American Code of Stratigraphic Nomenclature. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   SURFACE

   Identifies geologic and geomorphic characteristics of the upper surface of surficial geologic units. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   ORIGIN

   Provides coded information for the geologic origin of a map unit. Data is represented by coded entries (Matti and others, 1997b).

   yuc_geo.aat

   Geologic lines, which include features such as faults, contacts, and terraces. (A complete description of each line type is available in the data table, lines.rel.)

   L-SYMB

   Calls up the appropriate line symbol from the lineset geoscamp2.lin (included in the data package)

   L-TAG

   Consists of a character and numerical value e.g. C17 which allows the user to relate the line entity to its corresponding definition in the INFO table lines.rel.
   Geologic-line types in yuc_geo and their corresponding definitions in lines.rel include (abbreviated from Matti and others, 1997c):

   Value	Definition
   C18	.contact.landslide.location may not meet accuracy standard
   C26	.contact.landslide.crown scarp.location may not meet map accuracy standard
   C29	.contact.sedimentary.location meets map accuracy standard
   C30	.contact.sedimentary.location may not meet map accuracy standard
   C32	.contact.sedimentary.location inferred beneath mapped covering unit.location may not meet map accuracy standard
   C37	.contact.sedimentary.separates terraced alluvial units. location meets accuracy standard
   C38	.contact.sedimentary.separates terraced alluvial units. location may not meet accuracy standard
   C50	.contact.igneous.location may not meet accuracy standard
   C51	.contact.igneous.inferred.location may not meet accuracy standard
   C99	.contact.igneous.scratch boundary
   CL1	.cartographic line.map boundary
   F10	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.location observable.may not meet accuracy standard
   F178	.fault.low-angle.thrust slip.location observable.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F180	.fault.low-angle.thrust slip.location inferred beneath mapped covering unit.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F13	.fault.high-angle.unspecified slip.location inferred.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F19	.fault.high-angle.unspecified slip.location observable.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F2	.fault.high-angle.strike slip.right lateral.location observable.meets map accuracy standard
   F20	.fault.high-angle.strike slip.right lateral.location observable.may not meet accuracy standard
   F22	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.location observable.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F23	.fault.high-angle.reverse slip.location observable.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F4	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.location observable.meets map accuracy standard
   F37	.fault.high-angle.unspecified slip.questionable existence.may not meet map accuracy standard
   F50	.fault.high-angle.strike slip.right lateral.scarp.meets map accuracy standard
   F52	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.fault scarp.meets map accuracy standard
   F53	.fault.high-angle.reverse slip.fault scarp.meets map accuracy standard
   F58	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.fault scarp.location may not meet map accuracy standard
   F67N	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.fault scarp.identity questionable
   F67R	.fault.high-angle.normal slip.scarp.identity questionable
   F7	.fault.high-angle.unspecified slip.location observable.may not not meet map accuracy standard
   F8	.fault.high-angle.strike slip.right lateral.location observable.may not meet map accuracy standard

   L-AGECON

   Indicates the confidence with which a geologic age has been assigned to each linear entity

   L-NAME

   Formal name, where applicable, of linear geologic features

   L-UNIQUE

   Allows for the description of attributes that are unique to a particular linear feature or segment of a feature, e.g. faults having associated seismicity

   L-SOURCE

   Allows identification of sources other than the U.S. Geological Survey authors of this SCAMP products from which line data have been compiled

   L-AGEMAX

   Coded statement of the maximum age (oldest age) estimated for geologic contacts and faults or for segments of such features

   L-AGEMIN

   Coded statement of the minimum age (youngest age) estimated for geologic contacts and faults or for segments of such features

   yuc_pts.pat

   Structural point data.

   P-SYMB

   Calls the point-type from the markerset geoscamp2.mrk (included in the data package)

   P-TAG

   Consists of a character(s) and numerical value e.g. FN42 which allows the user to relate the point entity to its corresponding definition in the INFO table points.rel.

   Value	Definition
   B19	.bedding attitude.sedimentary.inclined.binocular observation
   B2	.bedding attitude.sedimentary.inclined.original data
   B23	.bedding attitude.sedimentary.inclined.compiled data
   B4	.bedding attitude.sedimentary.vertical.original data
   B6	.bedding attitude.sedimentary.overturned.original data
   FC4	.fault dip direction
   FN13	.foliation attitude.igneous.inclined.original data
   FN14	.foliation attitude.igneous.vertical.original data
   FN2	.foliation attitude.origin not determined.inclined.original data
   FN3	.foliation attitude.origin not determined.vertical.original data
   FN31	.foliation attitude.strain dominated.inclined.original data
   FN32	.foliation attitude.strian dominated.vertical.original data
   FN42	.foliation attitude.metamorphic.inclined.original data
   L1	.lineation.origin not determined.original data
   L14	.lineation.high-strain.crushed and streaked minerals.original data
   L17	.lineation.high-strain.aligned mineral grains.original data
   L19	.lineation.metamorphic.crushed and streaked minerals.original data
   L37	.lineation.minor-fold axis.geometry not determined.original data
   L40	.lineation.minor-fold axis.dextral rotation.original data
   L43	.lineation.minor-fold axis.kink band fold.original data
   L59	.lineation. minor-fold axis. sinistral rotation. original data

   P-SOURCE

   Allows identification of all sources of geologic data represented in the Yucaipa geologic map database

   P-UNIQUE

   Allows for the description of attributes uniquely associated with a particular point datum location

   P-AGECON

   Indicates the confidence with which a geologic age is assigned to a point feature

   P-DIP

   Dip of planar point features

   P-STRIKE

   Azimuth strike of planar features

   P-DIPDIR

   Azimuthal direction of dip
   Note: To date, there is no other way to indicate to the user the cardinal direction of dip using the traditional convention (traditional geologic notation allows a quadrant designation following the dip value).

   P-PLUNGE

   Lineation plunge value

   P-BEARING

   Azimuthal direction of lineation bearing

   P-AGEMIN

   Coded statement of the minimum age (youngest age) estimated for geologic features represented by point data

   P-AGEMAX

   Coded statement of the maximum age (oldest age) estimated for geologic features represented by point data

   yuc_obs.pat

   Data that repesent the locality of data stations associated with multiple authors and sources

   P-SYMB

   Calls the point-type from the markerset geoscamp2.mrk (included in the data package)

   P-TAG

   Point tag which consists of a character(s) and numerical value; allows the user to relate the point entity to its corresponding definition in the data table, points.rel

   P-SOURCE

   Allows identification of sources from which point data have been compiled other than the U.S. Geological Survey authors of this product

   P-UNIQUE

   Allows for the description of attributes uniquely associated with a particular point datum location

   P-STAT

   Alphanumeric identification of a particular datum location

   Value	Definition
   NRCS-SWSB-22	Natural Resources Conservation Service pit/soil profile description
   NRCS-SWSB-14	Natural Resources Conservation Service pit/soil profile description
   NRCS-SWSB-12	Natural Resources Conservation Service pit/soil profile description
   NRCS-SWSB-23	Natural Resources Conservation Service pit/soil profile description
   WRD-EP	USGS Water Resources Division well/well-log data

   yuc_ptsorn.pat

   Line ornamentation

   P-SYMB

   Calls the point-type from the markerset geoscamp2.mrk (included in the data package)

   P-TAG

   Point tag which consists of a character(s) and numerical value; allows the user to relate the point entity to its corresponding definition in the data table, points.rel

   yuc_ldr.aat

   Unit label annotation leaders

   L-SYMB

   Coded integer symbol (1) that calls up the apprporiate line symbol in lineset geoscamp2.lin

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Jonathan C. Matti
   • Douglas C. Morton
   • Brett F. Cox
   • Scott E. Carson
   • Thomas J. Yetter
2. Who also contributed to the data set?

   Photogrammetric Geologic Compilation: The U.S. Geological Survey's Photogrammetric Plotter Laboratory in Denver, Colorado (James Messerich, photogrammetrist) provided Kern PG-2 stereographic plotters that enabled the high-precision, high-accuracy transfer of geologic linework and point data from aerial photographs to a scale-stable cartographic base.
   Scientific Peer Review: The database and plot file benefitted from technical reviews by R.F. Yerkes, P. Stone, F.K. Miller, and D. Bedford. We thank Peter M. Sadler and Michael O. Woodbourne for discussions of the stratigraphy and structure of rocks in the Yucaipa quadrangle.
   Programmatic Credit: Geologic mapping, topical studies, and digital preparation for this database were sponsored jointly by the following: (1) the U.S. Geological Survey's National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, the National Earthquake Hazards Program, and the Mineral Resources Program; (2) California Geological Survey; (3) San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District provided funding support for database development; (4) U.S. Forest Service (San Bernardino National Forest). Mr. Raj Daniel of the San Bernardino National Forest facilitated funding support of this database.

3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   Jonathan C. Matti

   U.S. Geological Survey, Western Region, Earth Surface Processes Team

   Project geologist

   U.S. Geological Survey

   520 North Park Avenue, Rm 355

   Tucson, Arizona
   

   United States of America

   520-670-5577 (voice)

   520-670-5113 (FAX)

   jmatti@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

The geologic database for the Yucaipa quadrangle was developed as a contribution to the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program's National Geologic Map Database, and is intended to provide a general geologic setting of the quadrangle. The Yucaipa database provides information about geologic materials and structures, including the modern trace of the San Andreas fault and associated faults that have developed in the map area due to complexities in the San Andreas stress field.
Geologic information contained in the Yucaipa database is general-purpose data that are applicable to land-related investigations in the earth and biological sciences. The term "general-purpose" means that all geologic-feature classes have minimal information content adequate to characterize their general geologic characteristics and to interpret their general geologic history. However, no single feature class may have enough information to definitively characterize its properties and origin. For this reason the database cannot be used for site-specific geologic evaluations, although it can be used to plan and guide investigations at the site-specific level.

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

   USGS Yucaipa, 1967 (source 1 of 8)

   U.S. Geological Survey, 1967, photorevised 1980, Topographic basemap of the Yucaipa quadrangle, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.

   Type_of_Source_Media:

   Stable base material (greenline chronoflex for geologic compilation; .007 mil clearfilm blackline for topographic basemap image)

   Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
   Source_Contribution:

   The Yucaipa topographic basemap served as the reference standard by which the database authors located the position of observation stations and geologic structures (geologic contacts, faults, fold axes). Scale-stable copies of the basemap also were used to transfer geologic information from aerial photographs to basemap using a PG-2 stereographic plotter.
   

   Pictorial Crafts, Inc., 1975 (source 2 of 8)

   Pictorial Crafts, Inc. (contracted to the U.S. Geological Survey), 1975, Pictorial Crafts aerial photography.

   Type_of_Source_Media: Paper true-color aerial photographs
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
   Source_Contribution:

   The Pictorial Crafts aerial photography provides true-color rendering of geologic and geomorphic features in the Yucaipa quadrangle and throughout the San Bernardino Basin. The E-W flight lines were the primary aerial-photography resource used by the authors to locate the position of observation stations and to plot the positions of geologic structures (geologic contacts, faults, fold axes). Although their 1975 vintage post-dates urbanization that obscures some geologic features, the photography was helpful in recognizing geologic features whose color is a distinguishing characteristic.

   ASCS 1952 photography (Symbol AXM, AXL) (source 3 of 8)

   U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, 1952, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, 1952 photography (Symbol AXM, AXL).

   Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 20000
   Source_Contribution:

   The ASCS photography provides systematic aerial-photographic cover of the Yucaipa quadrangle and the rest of the San Bernardino Basin, along N-S flight lines. This orientation contrasts with the typical E-W orientation of most photographic series, and provides a different perspective of geologic and geomorphic features. Because the ASCS photography pre-dates much urbanization that obscures land-form features, it was helpful in recognizing geologic and geomorphic features that have been obliterated by human activities in the last 50 years or so. The database authors used the 1952 ASCS photography to augment and refine observations made using the 1975 Pictorial Crafts photography, and to delineate features in the Yucaipa Valley and Mentone areas.

   USGS 1966 photography (symbol GS-VBNS) (source 4 of 8)

   U.S. Department of Interior, Geological Survey, 1966, U.S. Department of Interior, Geological Survey 1966 photography (symbol GS-VBNS).

   Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 30000 (approximately)
   Source_Contribution:

   The USGS photography (symbol GS-VBNS) provides systematic aerial photographic coverage of the Yucaipa quadrangle and the rest of the San Bernardino Basin, along E-W flight lines. Although their 1966 vintage post-dates some urbanization that obscures geologic features, moderate vertical exaggeration in this photo series enhances subtle geologic and geomorphic features not easily recognized in other photoseries. The database authors used the 1966 GS-VBNS photography to augment and refine observations made using the 1975 Pictorial Crafts photography, and especially to delineate subtle features in the Mentone and northern Yucaipa Valley areas.

   ASCS 1938 photography (Symbol AXM, AXL) (source 5 of 8)

   U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, 1938, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, 1938 photography (Symbol AXM, AXL).

   Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 20000
   Source_Contribution:

   The 1938 ASCS photography provides the most regionally extensive early-vintage aerial images available for southern California, including the Yucaipa quadrangle. The 1938 photography pre-dates much urbanization that obscures land-form features, and thus was helpful in recognizing geologic and geomorphic features that have been obliterated by human activities in the last 60 years or so. The database authors used the 1938 photography to augment and refine observations made using the 1975 Pictorial Crafts photography, and to delineate pre-urbanization features in the Yucaipa Valley and Mentone areas.

   Spence Aerial Photography, 1930 (source 6 of 8)

   Spence Airplane Photos, Los Angeles (flown under contract to the U.S. Geological Survey), 1930, Spence aerial photography, 1930.

   Type_of_Source_Media: Paper black-and-white aerial photographs
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 18000
   Source_Contribution:

   The Spence aerial photography consists of a single flight line flown along the San Andreas Fault in southern California, including the Yucaipa quadrangle. The 1930 photography pre-dates much urbanization that obscures land-form features, and thus was helpful in delineating geologic and geomorphic features (fault scarps, shutter ridges, lineaments) that have been obliterated by human activities in the last 70 years or so. The database authors used the 1930 Spence photography to interpret geomorphic details of the San Andreas Fault Zone (San Bernardino Strand).

   Matti and others, 1992 (source 7 of 8)

   Matti, J.C., Morton, D.M., Cox, B.F., Carson, S.E., and Yetter, T.J., 1992, Geologic map of the Yucaipa quadrangle, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-445.

   Type_of_Source_Media: stable base material
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
   Source_Contribution:

   The 1992 analog geologic map of the Yucaipa quadrangle is the source of much of the geologic line, point, and map-unit data represented in digital version 1.0. Lithologic, structural, and stratigraphic data for sedimentary deposits of the San Timoteo beds of Frick (1921) are retained, as are boundaries and structural orientations of crystalline bedrock units. Most faults are the same as in the analog version,
   The information content of digital version 1.0 of the Yucaipa quadrangle database differs in some important ways from that of the analog version (Matti and others, 1992). As described in Process_Step 4 of 6, between 1994 and 1998 one of the database authors (J.C. Matti) reinterpreted some of the Quaternary surficial materials and some fault relationships.

   Smith (1959) (source 8 of 8)

   Smith, R. E., 1959, Geology of the Mill Creek area, San Bernardino County, California: University of California, Los Angeles, California.

   Other_Citation_Details: unpublished M.A. thesis, 95 p.
   

   Type_of_Source_Media: paper
   Source_Scale_Denominator: 20000
   Source_Contribution:

   Smith (1959) is the source of structural-attitude data (bedding orientation) in two small parts of the Yucaipa quadrangle: (1) in the NE 1/4 Sec. 17, T1S R1W, and (2) northwest of Morton Peak, north and south of the boundary between Sec. 1 and 12, T1S R2W. These are identified in the database and on the geologic-map plot.

2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 1977 (process 1 of 8)

   Geologic mapping for analog map (Matti and others, 1992)
   Geologic data for the Yucaipa quadrangle were collected in the field by the data-set authors. The field data were plotted on aerial photographs and on a 1:24,000-scale basemap (U.S. Geological Survey, Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle, 1967, photorevised, 1980).
   Bedrock map units were described, mapped, and interpreted on the basis of traverse-mapping methods. Observations were recorded along each traverse, locations for which are stored in the coverage yuc_obs. Information recorded at these stations provides the basis for the identification and characterization of each bedrock map unit.. Map-unit boundaries (geologic contacts) and faults identified along each traverse typically were extended laterally by using aerial photographs and binoculars to project or interpolate the fault or contact to its next recorded occurrence along a nearby traverse. A few sedimentary-layering attitudes were determined through binocular observation rather than from site determinations; these are identified in the data base and on the geologic-map plot.
   Surficial-materials map units were described, mapped, and interpreted on the basis of aerial-photographic interpretation augmented by observations at specific stations. The bounding contacts of each surficial unit and the location of fault scarps that traverse the units were plotted by using a PG-2 photogrammetric plotter that allows location accuracy equivalent to the accuracy standard for the topographic-contour base. The coverage yuc_obs shows the position of observation stations data from which were used to determine geologic characteristics of the surficial map units.
   GEOLOGIC CONTRIBUTIONS BY AUTHORS:
   Jonathan C. Matti - mapped and interpreted Quaternary surficial materials; faults of the San Timoteo Canyon, Crafton Hills, Chicken Hill, Yucaipa Valley graben complex, and San Andreas zones; San Timoteo Canyon formation; crystalline rocks in the Santa Ana River Canyon and areas to the west; crystalline rocks in the southeast corner of the quadrangle - 1979, 1985-1986, 1988, 1991.
   Douglas M. Morton - mapped crystalline rocks in the Crafton Hills area - 1977.
   Brett F. Cox - mapped crystalline rocks in the Crafton Hills area, in the east-central margin of the quadrangle, and between the Wilson Creek and San Bernardino strands of the San Andreas fault; mapped the Warm Springs Canyon formation in Mill Creek Canyon; Quaternary materials and faults adjacent to the San Bernardino Strand between Mill Creek and Santa Ana River - 1979 to 1980.
   Scott E. Carson - mapped crystalline rocks in the vicinity of Morton Peak and Santa Ana River Canyon; described Quaternary surficial Materials in Yucaipa Valley - 1979 through 1981.
   Thomas J. Yetter - mapped crystalline rocks in the vicinity of Morton Peak and Santa Ana River Canyon; beds of the Mill Creek Formation in lower Mill Creek Canyon - 1979.

   Date: 1991 (process 2 of 8)

   Analog geologic-map preparation (Matti and others, 1992)
   The 1992 geologic-map product was produced from geologic linework drafted on a 1:24,000-scale greenline chronoflex of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle. Source materials were paper field sheets produced by each map author, and pencil linework generated by a PG-2 stereographic plotter on a scale-stable 1:24,000-scale chronoflex of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle.

   Date: 1995 (process 3 of 8)

   Post-1992 revision of Yucaipa quadrangle geologic map
   After the 1992 geologic map of the Yucaipa quadrangle was released (Matti and others, 1992), additional observation and interpretation by J.C. Matti led to revisions of that version. Changes included: (1) re-interpretation of fault-line relations for the San Bernardino Strand of the San Andreas Fault west of the mouth of Santa Ana River Canyon; (2) re-interpretation of surficial geologic materials in the vicinity of Mentone and along the drainage of Wildwood Canyon along its entire extent; and (3) reinterpretation of the south end of the Chicken Hill Fault in the vicinity of Interstate Highway 10, including the recognition of a probable fault scarp that was obliterated by construction of the Highway right-of-way.

   Date: 1996 (process 4 of 8)

   Digital processing of Topographic Base Map
   The basemap image (yuc.tif) was prepared by scanning a scale-stable right-reading, blackline .007-mil clear-film positive of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1:24,000-scale Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle topographic map (1967, photorevised, 1980). Scanning was done using an Anatech Eagle 4080 monochrome 800 dots-per-inch scanner at a resolution of 500 dpi. The raster scan was converted to a monochromatic image in ARC/INFO. No elements of the base layer are attributed. The base map is provided for reference only.

   Date: 1995 (process 5 of 8)

   Digital Preparation of Geologic-map Information
   Geologic line and point data on scale-stable greenline chronoflex copies of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle were digitized and simultaneously converted to ARC/INFO coverages through the application and utilization of the graphical user interface ALACARTE developed by the USGS (Fitzgibbon, 1991; Fitzgibbon and Wentworth, 1991; Wentworth and Fitzgibbon, 1991) running on a Data General Aviion workstation. The database subsequently was edited and tagged on a Sun SPARC20 computer system running Solaris v. 2.4 and ARC/INFO v. 7.0.4 and v. 7.1.1. Geologic point data were captured using ALACARTE and ARC/INFO v.7.0.4.
   CONTRIBUTIONS BY DATABASE EDITORS:
   Pamela M. Cossette - responsible for final geologic database editing, assembling the database and plot-file products, and production of metadata
   Bradley Jones - responsible for significant data capture
   Melinda C. Wright - responsible for geologic point-data capture and preliminary database editing
   Stephen A. Kennedy - responsible for initial database editing
   Fitzgibbon, T.T., 1991, ALACARTE installation and system manual (version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 91-587B.
   Fitzgibbon, T.T., and Wentworth, C.M., 1991, ALACARTE user interface - AML code and demonstration maps (version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 91-587A.
   Wentworth, C.M., and Fitzgibbon, T.T., 1991, ALACARTE user manual (version 1.0): U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-587C.

   Date: 1995 (process 6 of 8)

   Observation-station coverage yuc_obs
   The coverage yuc_obs contains the locations of observation stations that the dataset authors used to describe geologic materials and geologic structures in the Yucaipa quadrangle. Several kinds of observation stations are included:
   (1) Field observations made by the dataset authors. These are represented by the author's name (e.g., Jonathan C. Matti), and the station ID (e.g., JF, which represents J.C. Matti, notebook F);
   (2) Subsurface borings obtained by the California Department of Transportation at overpassing and underpassing right-of-ways along the Interstate and State Highway systems;
   (3) Subsurface borings obtained by the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division (WRD);
   (4) Subsurface borings obtained by various private geotechnical-engineering firms;
   (5) Soil-profile descriptions obtained by the Natural Resources and Conservation Service (Woodruff and Brock, 1980, sheet 10);
   Woodruff, G.A., and Brock, W.Z., 1980, Soil survey of San Bernardino County, southwestern part, California: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 64 p., scale 1:24,000.

   Date: 2000 (process 7 of 8)

   Preliminary metadata documentation for version 1.0 of the Yucaipa quadrangle geologic database was prepared by Pamela M. Cossette using FGDCMETA.AML ver. 1.2 05/14/98 on ARC/INFO data set /gis_3/scamp/arccovers/sanber/yucaipa/yuc1216a. The metadata has undergone several revisions as the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle data was refined.

   Date: 27-Aug-2003 (process 8 of 8)

   Creation of original metadata record Person who carried out this activity:
   

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Attn: Pamela M. Cossette

   Geographer

   U.S. Geological Survey

   Room 202

   West 904 Riverside Avenue

   Spokane, Washington
   

   USA

   509-368-3123 (voice)

   509-368-3199 (FAX)

   pcossette@usgs.gov

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
   Matti, Jonathan C., Morton, Douglas M., Cox, Brett F., and Kendrick, Katherine J., 2003, Geologic map and digital database of the Redlands 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-302, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California.

   Online Links:

   • http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0302/

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   The combination of detailed and reconnaissance techniques used to generate the Yucaipa quadrangle database yielded a data set whose quality necessarily varies from location to location. Some areas were examined in great detail in order to solve specific geologic problems or to clarify the description or geologic relations of a particular map unit. Other areas were examined less carefully or were not examined at all. As a result, some parts of the Yucaipa data set have greater attribute accuracy and attribute confidence than others.
   ATTRIBUTE ACCURACY
   The attribute-accuracy statement for the Yuciapa database incorporates four elements: (1) map-unit description and attribution, (2) geotechnical standards against which the observations are measured, (3) map-unit identification, and (4) description of linear and planar geologic structures.
   Map-unit description and attribution:
   Geologic-map units in the Yucaipa quadrangle database were described using standard field methods (see Process_Description 1 of 6). Consistent with these methods and consistent with the time available to assemble the data set, the database authors have assigned standard geologic attributes to geologic lines, points, and polygons identified in the database.
   Geotechnical standards for geologic descriptions:
   Plutonic rock classification: Plutonic rocks and their deformed equivalents are classified in accordance with the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1973; Streckeisen, 1976).
   Sedimentary rock classifications: Sandstones are classified in accordance with the scheme suggested by Friedman and Sanders (1978, Table 7-4). For all sedimentary materials, bedding-thickness classification follows Ingram (1954) and grain-size classification follows Wentworth (1922).
   Surficial-materials classification: Surficial materials are mapped and classified according to a southern California-wide classification scheme being developed by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP).
   Terminology for slope-failure deposits (landslides and other slope-failure types) follows Varnes (1978).
   Color classification: The matrix color of surficial materials and their pedogenic soils is classified according to the Munsell soil-color charts (Munsell, 1975). Bedrock colors also are classified according to the Munsell system, supplemented by the Rock-Color Chart distributed by the Geological Society of America (reprinted 1970).
   Map-unit identification
   Geologic-map units in the Yucaipa quadrangle represent packages of geologic materials whose overall physical properties differ sufficiently from other such units as to constitute discrete mappable entities. From localities where map units in the quadrangle first were recognized and defined, they were extended to other areas through a mapping process that includes (a) direct outcrop observation, (b) interpretation of subsurface boring logs, and (c) aerial-photographic extrapolation into areas where site observation was not conducted. The data contained in the coverage yuc_obs indicates the density of observation and data localities in the Yucaipa quadrangle, and is a measure of whether a map unit at a particular location was identified on the basis of hands-on data or extrapolation.
   Map-unit boundaries (geologic contacts) and faults identified along mapping traverses typically were extended laterally by using aerial photographs and binoculars to project or interpolate the contact or fault to its next recorded occurrence along a nearby traverse. Only rarely were individual geologic contacts or fault lines walked out to determine their variability and character throughout the map area. The bounding contacts of each surficial unit and the location of fault scarps that traverse the units were plotted by using a PG-2 photogrammetric plotter that allows location accuracy equivalent to the accuracy standard for the topographic-contour base.
   Description of geologic structures
   Geologic structures (planar structures displayed as lines, and structures at specific points) in the Yucaipa quadrangle are described and attributed according to the scheme described by Matti and others (1997a,b). These classifications generally follow conventional schemes for classifying geologic lines and points (Reynolds and others, 1995).
   ATTRIBUTE CONFIDENCE
   For digital version 1.0 of the database, the coverage yuc_obs is a proxy for attribute confidence: the number of direct observations within a map unit from place to place in the quadrangle proxies for the confidence with which the unit and its attributes are believed to be accurately identified. Future releases of the Yucaipa data set will delineate a more objective, empirical basis for map-unit identification and attribute accuracy (map-unit and attribute confidence).
   Friedman, G.M., and Sanders, J.E., 1978, Principles of sedimentology: New York, John Wiley & Sons, 792 p.
   Ingram, R.L., 1954, Terminology for the thickness of stratification and parting units in sedimentary rocks: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 65, p. 937-938.
   International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks, 1973, Plutonic rocks: Geotimes, v. 18, no. 10, p. 26-30.
   Matti, J.C., Powell, R.E., Miller, F.K., Kennedy, S.A., Ruppert, K.R., Morton, G.L., and Cossette, P.M., 1997a, Geologic-line attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-861
   Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., Bunyapanasarn, T.P., Koukladas, Catherine, Hauser, R.M., and Cossette, P.M., 1997b, Geologic-point attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-859
   Munsell Color, 1975, Munsell soil color charts, 1975 edition Baltimore, Maryland, Macbeth Division of Kollmorgen Corporation.
   Reynolds, M.W., Queen, J.E., and Taylor, R.B., 1995, Cartographic and digital standard for geologic map information: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-525
   Streckeisen A., 1976, To each plutonic rock its proper name: Earth Science Reviews, v. 12, p. 1-33.
   Varnes, D.J., 1978, Slope movement types and processes, in Schuster, R.L., and Krizek, R.J., eds., Landslides: analysis and control: Washington, D.C., Transportation Research Board, National Academy of Sciences, Special Report 176, p. 11-33.
   Wentworth, C.K., 1922, A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments: Journal of Geology, v. 30, p. 377-392.
   
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   Nationwide geologic-map accuracy standards for geologic line and point features have not been developed and adopted by the U.S. Geological Survey and other earth-science entities. Until such standards are developed, the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP) uses internal map-accuracy standards for 1:24,000-scale geologic maps produced by the project.
   In the Yucaipa 1:24,000 scale quadrangle, geologic lines are judged to meet the map-accuracy standard if they are located to within ˜+/-15 meters relative to topographic or cultural features on the base map. Within the database, line data that are judged to meet the map-accuracy standard are denoted in the data table lines.rel by the attribute code .MEE. (meets); line data that may not meet the map-accuracy standard are denoted by the attribute code .MNM. (may not meet). On geologic-map plots and other plots generated from the geologic database, line data that are judged to meet the map-accuracy standard are denoted by solid lines; line data that may not meet the map-accuracy standard are denoted by dashed or dotted lines.
   In the database and on geologic-map plots, no cartographic device exists for denoting the map-accuracy for geologic-point data (symbols for bedding, foliation, lineations, etc.).
   Three sources of positional error exist for geologic elements in the Yucaipa quadrangle database:
   (1) Positional accuracy of field observations: observation stations (data localities) were located either on aerial photographs or on the topographic basemap of the Yucaipa quadrangle by referencing hypsographic and planimetric features on the basemap.
   (2) Transfer of line and point data from aerial photographs to the topographic base: For bedrock geologic materials, point data, contacts, and faults were visually transferred to scale-stable copies of the topographic base map. For most surficial geologic materials, geologic contacts and fault scarps were transferred to the base map through the use of a PG-2 sterographic plotter that allows geologic elements to be located with an accuracy and precision equivalent to the standard for the topographic-contour base.
   (3) Positional fidelity during digital data processing: the maximum transformation Root Mean Square (RMS) error acceptable for 7.5' quadrangle transformation and data input is 0.003 (1.8 meters). The horizontal positional accuracy of line and point entities was checked by visual comparison of hard-copy plots with base-stable source data.
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   The geologic map and digital database of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle contain new data that have been subjected to scientific peer review and are a substantially complete representation of the current state of knowledge concerning the geology of the quadrangle.
   Information for geologic units, geologic contacts, and faults by necessity is generalized. Although derived from data collected at individual observation stations, the characteristics of map units, their bounding contacts, and faults have been averaged and reduced to attributes that describe each map unit and each line element as a whole. This averaging process is necessary because of the intrinsic variability that geologic units, contacts, and faults display spatially: in detail, their characteristics necessarily vary geographically, although certain core attributes persist. To account for this variability and yet still characterize the major defining attributes of geologic entities, the database authors have selected and archived certain geologic characteristics but omitted others. In such cases, details were sacrificed in the interest of defining the average character of the geologic features.
   Map-unit completeness: For map-unit polygons, version 1.0 of the Yucaipa database does not exploit the full potential afforded by the data-model and attribute scheme proposed by Matti and others (1997a). The file yuc_geo.pat contains limited information about polygon themes such as geologic name and the thickness of geologic-map units, as well as information about unique attributes that distinguish a map unit within a polygon or a particular subset of polygons. Additional lithologic-attribute data are available in the INFO data table yuc_summ.rel, including age-related data and major rock type. Other than this minimal information, however, the Yucaipa database for geologic-map units (yuc_geo) lacks the comprehensive information content of the .pdf files (yuc_dmu.pdf and yuc_cmu.pdf).
   Line and Point Completeness: For line and point data, the Yucaipa database exploits the attribution scheme proposed by Matti and others (1997a,b). This scheme allows geologic elements represented as lines (geologic contacts, faults, fold axes, geomorphic features) and points (bedding orientations, foliation orientations, fault dips) to be assigned a full spectrum of attributes ranging from contact and fault type to geologic age of linear and point features. Some of these attributes are embedded directly within the line and point data bases (.aat and .pat, respectively). Most line and point attributes are stored as codes in two INFO data tables (lines.rel and points.rel).
   A complete description of the SCAMP polygon, line, and point data coding schemes is available in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports OF-97-859, OF-97-860, and OF-97-861 (full source citations follow):
   Matti, J.C., Powell, R.E., Miller, F.K., Kennedy, S.A., Ruppert, K.R., Morton, G.L., and Cossette, P.M., 1997a, Geologic-line attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-861 http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0861/
   Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., Bunyapanasarn, T.P., Koukladas, Catherine, Hauser, R.M., and Cossette, P.M., 1997b, Geologic-point attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-859 http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0859/
   Matti, J.C., Miller, F.K., Powell, R.E., Kennedy, S.A., and Cossette, P.M., 1997c, Geologic-polygon attributes for digital geologic-map databases produced by the Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), Version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-860 http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0860/
   
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   Polygon and chain-node topology present.
   The areal extent of the map is represented digitally by an appropriately projected (Polyconic projection), mathematically generated box. Consequently, polygons intersecting the lines that comprise the map boundary are closed by that boundary. Polygons internal to the map boundary are completely enclosed by line segments that are themselves a set of sequentially numbered coordinate pairs. Point data are represented by coordinate pairs.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

The Yucaipa 7.5' geologic-map database should be used to evaluate and understand the geologic character of the Yucaipa quadrangle as a whole. It should not be used as a detailed map for purposes of site-specific land-use planning or site-specific geologic evaluations.
The database is sufficiently detailed to identify and characterize many actual and potential geologic hazards represented by faults and landslides and posed by ground subsidence and earthquake-generated ground shaking. However, it is not sufficiently detailed for site-specific determinations or evaluations of these features. Faults shown do not take the place of fault-rupture hazard zones designated by the California State Geologist (see Hart, 1988).
Use of the Yucaipa geologic-map database should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Although the digital form of the data allows the scale to be manipulated at the discretion of the user, detail and accuracy issues that are inherent to map-scale limitations similarly exist in the digital data. The fact that this database was constructed and edited at a scale of 1:24,000 means that higher-resolution data generally are not present in the dataset. Therefore, plotting at scales larger than 1:24,000 will not yield greater, real detail, although enlarged plots may reveal fine-scale (artificial) irregularities beyond the intended resolution of the database. Although higher-resolution data may be incorporated at a few places, the resolution of the entire database output is limited by the lower-resolution data.
Hart, E. W., 1988, Fault-rupture zones in California; Alquist-Priolo Special Studies Zones Act of 1972 with index to special studies zones maps: California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey Information Services

   Box 25286 Denver Federal Center

   Denver, CO
   

   USA

   303-202-4700 (voice)

   303-202-4693 (FAX)
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? USGS Open-File Report 03-301
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

   The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides these geographic data "as is." The USGS makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of information contained in the geographic data. The USGS further makes no warranties, either expressed or implied as to any other matter whatsoever, including, without limitation, the condition of the product, or its fitness for any particular purpose. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. Although these data have been processed successfully on computers at the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS regarding the use of these data on any other system, nor does the fact of distribution constitute or imply any such warranty.
   In no event shall the USGS have any liability whatsoever for payment of any consequential, incidental, indirect, special, or tort damages of any kind, including, but not limited to, any loss of profits arising out of use of or reliance on the geographic data or arising out of the delivery, installation, operation, or support by USGS.
   This digital, geologic map database of the Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle, 1:24,000 map-scale, and any derivative maps thereof, is not meant to be used or displayed at any scale larger than 1:24,000 (e.g., 1:12,000).

4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	Geologic units and structural features in format ARCE (version 7.2.1) Size: 2.1
     Network links:	http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc.tar.gz

   • Cost to order the data: none

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 10-Jun-2016
Last Reviewed: 26-Jul-2004

Metadata author:

Peter N Schweitzer

USGS Midwest Area

Collection manager, USGS Geoscience Data Clearinghouse, http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/

Mail Stop 954

12201 Sunrise Valley Dr

Reston, VA

USA

703-648-6533 (voice)

703-648-6252 (FAX)

pschweitzer@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)