Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pike, Richard J. Originator: Graymer, Russell W. Originator: Roberts, Sebastian Originator: Kalman, Naomi B. Originator: Sobieszczyk, Steven Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Map and map database of susceptibility to slope failure by sliding and earthflow in the Oakland area, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map Issue_Identification: MF-2385 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/ Description: Abstract: Map data that predict the varying likelihood of landsliding can help public agencies make informed decisions on land use and zoning. This map, prepared in a geographic information system from a statistical model, estimates the relative likelihood of local slopes to fail by two processes common to an area of diverse geology, terrain, and land use centered on metropolitan Oakland. The model combines the following spatial data: (1) 120 bedrock and surficial geologic-map units, (2) ground slope calculated from a 30-m digital elevation model, (3) an inventory of 6,714 old landslide deposits (not distinguished by age or type of movement and excluding debris flows), and (4) the locations of 1,192 post-1970 landslides that damaged the built environment. The resulting index of likelihood, or susceptibility, plotted as a 1:50,000-scale map, is computed as a continuous variable over a large area (872 km2) at a comparatively fine (30 m) resolution. This new model complements landslide inventories by estimating susceptibility between existing landslide deposits, and improves upon prior susceptibility maps by quantifying the degree of susceptibility within those deposits. Susceptibility is defined for each geologic-map unit as the spatial frequency (areal percentage) of terrain occupied by old landslide deposits, adjusted locally by steepness of the topography. Susceptibility of terrain between the old landslide deposits is read directly from a slope histogram for each geologic-map unit, as the percentage (0.00 to 0.90) of 30-m cells in each one-degree slope interval that coincides with the deposits. Susceptibility within landslide deposits (0.00 to 1.33) is this same percentage raised by a multiplier (1.33) derived from the comparative frequency of recent failures within and outside the old deposits. Positive results from two evaluations of the model encourage its extension to the 10-county San Francisco Bay region and elsewhere. A similar map could be prepared for any area where the three basic constituents, a geologic map, a landslide inventory, and a slope map, are available in digital form. Added predictive power of the new susceptibility model may reside in attributes that remain to be explored-among them seismic shaking, distance to nearest road, and terrain elevation, aspect, relief, and curvature. Purpose: Mitigation is superior to post-disaster response in reducing the billions of dollars in losses resulting from U.S. natural disasters, and information that predicts the varying likelihood of geologic hazards can help public agencies improves the necessary decision making on land use and zoning. Accordingly, this map was created to increase the resistance of one urban area, metropolitan Oakland, California, to landsliding. Prepared in a geographic information system from a statistical model, the map estimates the relative likelihood of local slopes to fail by two processes common to this area of diverse geology, terrain, and land use. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2001 Currentness_Reference: The date given is the publication date. The information in the report is the most up-to-date available at the time of publication. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.3750000 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.0000000 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.00000000 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.62500000 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: landslides Theme_Keyword: landslide susceptiblity assessment Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: geologic maps Theme_Keyword: hazards Theme_Keyword: land surface characteristics Theme_Keyword: earthquakes Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: landslide Theme_Keyword: susceptiblity Theme_Keyword: earthflow Theme_Keyword: mass movement Theme_Keyword: hazard Theme_Keyword: debris flow Theme_Keyword: slope Theme_Keyword: failure Theme_Keyword: slide Theme_Keyword: earthquake Theme_Keyword: el nino Theme_Keyword: thunderstorm Theme_Keyword: usgs Theme_Keyword: fema Theme_Keyword: cdmg Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: California Place_Keyword: Oakland Place_Keyword: Berkeley Place_Keyword: Piedmont Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Augmented FIPS 10-4 and FIPS 6-4 Place_Keyword: f06001 = Alameda Place_Keyword: f06013 = Contra Costa Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Uses of this digital landslide susceptiblity map should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Although the digital form of the data removes the constraint imposed by the scale of a paper map, the detail and accuracy inherent in map scale are also present in the digital data. The fact that this database was edited for a scale of 1:50,000 means that higher resolution information, greater than 30 meter cell size, is not present in the dataset. Plotting at scales larger than 1:50,000 (30m cell size) will not yield greater real detail, although it may reveal fine-scale irregularities below the intended resolution of the database. Similarly, where this database is used in combination with other data of higher resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lower resolution of these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Richard J Pike Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, GEO-WRG-NGM Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 975 345 Middlefield Road City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-4947 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-4936 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rpike@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/images/mf2385.gif Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Image of entire map on white background Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_6b.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: A PDF representation of the geologic map and base maps at a scale of 1:50,000 (Sheet 1). 13 megabytes. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Data_Set_Credit: Richard J. Pike (USGS) co-conceived the project and directed the overall effort, supplied ideas and topographic parameters to be experimented with by Sebastian Roberts, contributed to creating ( with Scott Graham, USGS) the 30-m digital elevation model, devised the final model, prepared the tables, decided on figures to be made, chose colors for map, and prepared all versions of the pamphlet text and designed its final layout. Russell W. Graymer (USGS) co-conceived the project and delimited the study area, supplied ideas to be experimented with by S. Roberts, furnished the digital geologic map and list of 120 map units, devised the first model for within-landslide susceptibility, conceived the tests of the model-particularly normalization of the post-1970 landslide data, and contributed to the pamphlet. Sebastian Roberts (USGS and Environmental Careers Organization) digitized the original 1:24,000-scale landslide maps and map positions of the post-1970 landslides, compiled the digital data on geology, ground slope, landslide inventory, recent landsliding, and land use in the Arc/Info geographic information system, wrote the Arc Macro Language (AML) to make computations, computed the first set of susceptibility values, and created the earliest versions of the 1:50,000-scale color map. Naomi B. Kalman (USGS and Environmental Careers Organization) recompiled data, adjusted the susceptibility and plot AMLs, computed the revised set of susceptibility values, made preliminary versions of pamphlet figures, based off her database files, produced intermediate versions of the map, and served as a resource for later work on the project. Steven Sobieszczyk (USGS and Environmental Careers Organization) recompiled some of the data, rewrote the plot AML, computed the revised susceptibility values, created or modified color and monochrome illustrations for the map and pamphlet, prepared the final versions of the map, annotated and reformatted the map to conform to USGS publication standards, and made corrections to the map after technical reviews. He wrote the metadata for the digital file, and helped format the pamphlet to conform to USGS publication standards. Native_Data_Set_Environment: SunOS, 5.5.1, sun4u UNIX, ARC/INFO version 7.2.1 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: This report has undergone two scientific peer reviews, one digital database review, one review for conformity with geologic names policy, and review of the plotfiles for conformity with USGS map standards. Logical_Consistency_Report: Susceptibility within landslide deposits (0.00 to 1.33) is this same percentage raised by a multiplier (1.33) derived from the comparative frequency of recent failures within and outside the old deposits. Completeness_Report: The report is intended to describe landslide susceptibility at a 1:50,000 scale. Information measured in 30 meter grid squares. Any attempt to use at higher resolution will significantly reduce the accuracy for prediction and evaluation purposes. Please consult contracted geologist for ground survey to evaluate site specific risk. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Well located data items are intended to have a horizontal positional accuracy within 1.2 mm at 1:50,000 scale, or within 30 meters on the ground. The position of each data item is derived from the USGS topographic base map, and therefore additional inaccuracies arising from inaccuracies in the base map may also be encountered. See Aitken (1997) for information regarding the horizontal positional accuracy of the basemaps. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: No vertical positional data recorded. See Aitken (1997) for information regarding the vertical positional accuracy of the basemaps used to create the plotfiles of the geologic maps. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nilsen, Tor Publication_Date: 1975 Title: Preliminary photo-interpretation maps of landslide and other surficial deposits of 56 7.5-minute quadrangles, Alameda, Contra Costa, and Santa Clara Counties, California Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report Issue_Identification: 75-277 Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1975 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Nilsen, 1975 Source_Contribution: landslide inventory data Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Graymer, R.W. Publication_Date: 2000 Title: Geologic map and map database of the Oakland metropolitan area, Alameda, Contra Costa, and San Francisco Counties, California Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map Issue_Identification: MF-2342 Source_Scale_Denominator: 50,000 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2000 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Graymer, 2000 Source_Contribution: Geologic map of same region Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 19790701 Title: DEM 7.5 Quadrangle Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: The photo source date for this DEM was 01-JAN-66 and it was last revised 01-JAN-98 Process_Step: Process_Description: The databases in this report were compiled in ARC/INFO, a commercial Geographic Information System (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California), with version 3.0 of the menu interface ALACARTE (Fitzgibbon and Wentworth, 1991, Fitzgibbon, 1991, Wentworth and Fitzgibbon, 1991). The files are either in GRID (ARC/INFO raster data) Format or in COVERAGE (Arc/Info vector data). The grid and coverages are stored in uncompressed ARC export format (ARC/INFO version 7.2). ARC/INFO export files (files with the .e00 extension) can be converted into an ARC/INFO grid in ARC/INFO (see below) and can be read by some other Geographic Information Systems, such as MapInfo via ArcLink and ESRI's ArcView (version 1.0 for Windows 3.11 is for free from ESRI's web site: http://www.esri.com). The digital compilation was done in version 7.2 of ARC/INFO with version 3.0 of the menu interface ALACARTE (Fitzgibbon and Wentworth, 1991, Fitzgibbon, 1991, Wentworth and Fitzgibbon, 1991). The original datasets were created from digitized mylar overlays of landslide inventories (ofr 75-277) created by Tor Nilsen, and digitized by Sebastian Roberts. These coverages were griddedand analysed using the Arc/Info GRID feature. An AML was written to create the susceptibility grid using USGS DEMs from the BARD website, the geology grid MF-2342, and the new landslide (ofr 75-277) grid. Five other coverage layers, not used for anaylsis were used as referencing layers for the final maps publication. These coverages include a water layer, a highway layer, a road network layer, a contour topography layer, and a cultural base map layer. This coverage layers are included with this publication to allow reproduction of finally map. Process_Date: 2000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Base maps Base Map layers used in the preparation of the landslide susceptibility map plotfiles were derived from published digital maps (Aitken, 1997). Below are export files of the five coverages used for the final version of the map. As mentioned early, these coverages are not used in any way for analysis, but are need for spatial placement. >File name coverage contents >MF-2385_5a.e00 drain drainage base map for Oakland area >MF-2385_5b.e00 culture cultural base map, including names >MF-2385_5c.e00 roads street pattern and road network >MF-2385_5d.e00 hwys interstate highways >MF-2385_5e.e00 hydro streams, lakes, bays, rivers Process_Date: 2000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Creation of original metadata record Process_Date: 20020213 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Richard J Pike Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, GEO-WRG-NGM Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 975 345 Middlefield Road City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-4947 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650-329-4936 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rpike@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: grid cell Row_Count: 1394 Column_Count: 1122 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.0 Planar_Distance_Units: METERS Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: grid cell Entity_Type_Definition: grid cell of susgrd_utm Attribute: Attribute_Label: (grid cell value) Attribute_Definition: Susceptibility multiplied by 100 to generate an integer value. Susceptibility is defined for each geologic-map unit as the spatial frequency (areal percentage) of terrain occupied by old landslide deposits, adjusted locally by steepness of the topography. Susceptibility of terrain between the old landslide deposits is read directly from a slope histogram for each geologic-map unit, as the percentage (0.00 to 0.90) of 30-m cells in each one-degree slope interval that coincides with the deposits. Susceptibility within landslide deposits (0.00 to 1.33) is this same percentage raised by a multiplier (1.33) derived from the comparative frequency of recent failures within and outside the old deposits. Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 133 Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: susgrd_utm.VAT Entity_Type_Definition: grid source data Entity_Type_Definition_Source: ARC/INFO Attribute: Attribute_Label: Record Attribute_Definition: record number for cell Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 109 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: assigned susceptibility cell Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 133 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: susceptibility Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Count Attribute_Definition: Number of cells with same assigned value Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 12 Range_Domain_Maximum: 345386 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: number of grid cells Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The databases in this report were compiled in ARC/INFO, a commercial Geographic Information System (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California). Almost all the attributes in the attribute table of the grid included in the report are set or calculated by Arc/Info. The only exception is "count." The boundary of the grid is xmin = 554596.775, xmax = 588256.775, ymin = 4164296.500, and ymax = 4206116.500. Statistics of the grid include a minimum value of 0, a maximum value of 133, which allows a mean of 13.24 and a standard deviation of 18.11. There are 110 values included and 8 bytes of attribute data. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_2c.pdf Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS Information Services Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Box 25286 Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4693 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ask@usgs.gov Resource_Description: USGS Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2385 Distribution_Liability: Information in this data set is approved for release to the public by the Director, U.S. Geological Survey. This information has been reviewed but may still contain errors or inconsistencies, of which we would like to be made aware. Generally USGS data is not intended for use in navigation. Trade names are given for reference and do not constitute institutional endorsement. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ArcInfo Grid Format_Version_Number: 7.2.1 Format_Information_Content: Susceptibility grid (30 meter cell size) File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 0.8203 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_3.e00.gz Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Format_Version_Number: 1.0 Format_Information_Content: Base map data: drainage, cultural features, streets, interstate hightways, streams, lakes, bays, and rivers File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 1 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_5.tar.gz Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE Format_Version_Number: 7.2.1 Format_Information_Content: Drainage base map for Oakland area File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 1.1 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_5a.e00.gz Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE Format_Version_Number: 7.2.1 Format_Information_Content: Cultural base map, including names File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 0.3125 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_5b.e00.gz Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE Format_Version_Number: 7.2.1 Format_Information_Content: Street pattern and road network File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 0.0859 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_5c.e00.gz Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE Format_Version_Number: 7.2.1 Format_Information_Content: Interstate highways File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 0.5430 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_5d.e00.gz Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCE Format_Version_Number: 7.2.1 Format_Information_Content: Streams, lakes, bays, rivers File_Decompression_Technique: gzip -d Transfer_Size: 2.1 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2385/mf-2385_5e.e00.gz Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20160610 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peter N Schweitzer Contact_Organization: USGS Midwest Area Contact_Position: Collection manager, USGS Geoscience Data Clearinghouse, http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/ Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 954 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192-0002 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6533 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6252 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pschweitzer@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998